The involvement of Septate Junctions (SJs) in critical cellular functions that extend beyond their role as diffusion barriers in the epithelia and the nervous system has made the fruit fly an ideal model for the study of human diseases associated with impaired Tight Junction (TJ) function. In this study, we summarized current knowledge of the Drosophila melanogaster SJ‐related proteins, focusing on their unconventional functions. Additionally, we sought to identify human orthologs of the corresponding genes as well as protein domain families. The systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and Scopus databases using relevant key terms. Orthologs were predicted using the DIOPT tool and aligned protein regions were determined from the Pfam database. 3‐D models of the smooth SJ proteins were built on the Phyre2 and DMPFold protein structure prediction servers. A total of 30 proteins were identified as relatives to the SJ cellular structure. Key roles of these proteins, mainly in the regulation of morphogenetic events and cellular signalling, were highlighted. The investigation of protein domain families revealed that the SJ‐related proteins contain conserved domains that are required not only for cell‐cell interactions and cell polarity but also for cellular signalling and immunity. DIOPT analysis of orthologs identified novel human genes as putative functional homologs of the fruit fly SJ genes. A gap in our knowledge was identified regarding the domains that occur in the proteins encoded by eight SJ‐associated genes. Future investigation of these domains is needed to provide functional information.

中文翻译：

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超越屏障功能的果蝇隔膜连接：文献回顾、SJ 相关蛋白人类直系同源物的预测和蛋白结构域家族的鉴定。

分隔连接 (SJ) 参与的关键细胞功能超出了它们在上皮和神经系统中作为扩散屏障的作用，使果蝇成为研究与紧密连接 (TJ) 功能受损相关的人类疾病的理想模型. 在这项研究中，我们总结了目前对黑腹果蝇的了解SJ 相关蛋白，专注于它们的非常规功能。此外，我们试图确定相应基因的人类直系同源物以及蛋白质域家族。使用相关关键词在 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库中进行了系统的文献检索。使用 DIOPT 工具预测直向同源物，并从 Pfam 数据库确定对齐的蛋白质区域。平滑 SJ 蛋白质的 3-D 模型建立在 Phyre2 和 DMPFold 蛋白质结构预测服务器上。共有 30 种蛋白质被鉴定为 SJ 细胞结构的亲属。强调了这些蛋白质的关键作用，主要是在形态发生事件和细胞信号传导方面的调节。对蛋白质结构域家族的研究表明，SJ 相关蛋白质包含保守结构域，这些结构域不仅是细胞间相互作用和细胞极性所必需的，也是细胞信号传导和免疫所必需的。直向同源物的 DIOPT 分析将新的人类基因鉴定为果蝇 SJ 基因的推定功能同源物。在由八个 SJ 相关基因编码的蛋白质中出现的结构域方面，我们发现了一个知识空白。未来需要对这些域进行调查以提供功能信息。在由八个 SJ 相关基因编码的蛋白质中出现的结构域方面，我们发现了一个知识空白。未来需要对这些域进行调查以提供功能信息。在由八个 SJ 相关基因编码的蛋白质中出现的结构域方面，我们发现了一个知识空白。未来需要对这些域进行调查以提供功能信息。