Skeletonema marinoi is one of the most widespread marine planktonic diatoms in temperate coastal regions and sometimes can form massive blooms. Yet, the molecular mechanisms of triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis in nutrient‐deficient conditions for this species are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate how the TAG biosynthetic pathway of S. marinoi reacts to the culture age and nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) deficiency at molecular levels. Meanwhile, we also described the physiological and biochemical changes of S. marinoi in response to N or P starvation over time. To obtain reliable qRT‐PCR data, six putative reference genes were identified for assessing expression stability using geNorm and BestKeeper software, and Actin exhibited the most stable expression across 45 tested S. marinoi samples. We found that the expression of TAG biosynthesis‐related genes and ACCase enzyme activity varied in response to the different nutrient conditions and culture age. Taken together, we speculated that the capacity of TAG biosynthesis in S. marinoi is induced by N or P stress, and increases with culture age. Furthermore, TAG biosynthesis appears to respond more strongly to P deficiency than to N deficiency. Our study provides important insights into how diatoms regulate the TAG biosynthetic pathway when stressed by nutrient limitation. Besides, the data obtained from this study also provide useful clues for further exploring genes that can be used for metabolic engineering to enhance lipid production.

中文翻译：

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褐藻骨架中三酰基甘油合成对氮和磷饥饿的反应1。

骨架油菜藻是温带沿海地区最广泛的海洋浮游硅藻之一，有时会形成大量的水华。然而，在营养缺乏的条件下，该物种的三酰基甘油（TAG）合成的分子机制仍然未知。这项研究旨在调查S. marinoi的TAG生物合成途径如何在分子水平上与培养年龄和氮（N）或磷（P）缺乏反应。同时，我们还描述了随着时间的推移，S。marinoi响应N或P饥饿的生理和生化变化。为了获得可靠的qRT-PCR数据，使用geNorm和BestKeeper软件以及Actin确定了六个推定的参考基因来评估表达稳定性。在45个测试的S中表现出最稳定的表达。marinoi样品。我们发现TAG生物合成相关基因的表达和ACCase酶活性随营养条件和培养年龄的变化而变化。两者合计，我们推测S. marinoi中TAG生物合成的能力。N或P胁迫诱导了这种细菌，并且随着培养年龄的增加而增加。此外，TAG生物合成似乎对P缺乏的反应比对N缺乏的反应更强烈。我们的研究为营养不足限制下的硅藻如何调节TAG生物合成途径提供了重要见解。此外，从这项研究中获得的数据还为进一步探索可用于代谢工程以增强脂质产生的基因提供了有用的线索。