A novel bioreactor system (low cost and easily scaled-up) is presented for dye decolorization applying filamentous fungi. In this two-phase bioreactor, dyes were decolorized at 28 °C in a first phase by immobilized fungi in spherical cartridges prepared with a high-density plastic polyethylene mesh and filled with wheat bran as substrate for growth. In a second phase the capacity of the ligninolytic enzymes (laccase and Mn-peroxidase) present in the extracellular extracts from the solid residues was exploited for decolorization at 50 °C. Each sphere behaved as a small-scale bioreactor for cell-culture. This system allowed the decoupling of growth (sterile condition) and decolorization (non-sterile condition) stages. The ability to decolorize the azo dye xylidine and the triphenylmethane Malachite Green by two Argentinean strains of Trametes versicolor was evaluated. The highest decolorization rates were displayed by T. versicolor BAFC 2234. When both dyes were applied together in the bioreactor, after a first phase (100 min) 73.5% of Malachite Green and 40% of xylidine decolorization was attained, while at the end of the second phase (240 min) a 97% and 52% decolorization was observed. Laccase activity was detected in the decolorized solution, but no Mn-peroxidase activity. The easy change of the cartridges allows the continuous use of the bioreactor in the non-sterile decolorization of dye-containing effluents.

提出了一种用于应用丝状真菌的染料脱色的新型生物反应器系统（低成本且易于放大）。在这个两相生物反应器中，染料 在第一阶段在 28 °C 下通过将真菌固定在用高密度塑料聚乙烯网制备并填充麦麸作为生长基质的球形盒中进行脱色。在第二阶段，利用固体残留物的细胞外提取物中存在的木质素分解酶（漆酶和锰过氧化物酶）的能力在 50 ℃下脱色。 ℃。每个球体都充当用于细胞培养的小型生物反应器。该系统允许生长（无菌条件）和脱色（非无菌条件）阶段的分离。评估了两种阿根廷花斑栓菌菌株对偶氮染料二甲苯胺和三苯甲烷孔雀石绿的脱色能力。T. versicolor BAFC 2234显示出最高的脱色率。当两种染料在生物反应器中一起应用时，在第一阶段（100 分钟）后，实现了 73.5% 的孔雀石绿和 40% 的二甲苯胺脱色，而在结束时第二阶段（240 min) 观察到 97% 和 52% 的脱色。在脱色溶液中检测到漆酶活性，但没有检测到锰过氧化物酶活性。墨盒的轻松更换允许在含染料流出物的非无菌脱色中连续使用生物反应器。