We propose a simple method for determination of forward and backward propagation constants of nonreciprocal uniform networks or lines with asymmetric reflections. The wave cascading matrix presentation is used to diagonalize and decompose the line in terms of impedance and amplitude/phase transitions. The proposed method uses scattering parameters of the line/network connection and the thru connection, thus eliminating errors arising from fabrication tolerance and thickness of the second line. Besides, compared with conventional methods which necessitate calibration techniques such as the thru-reflect-line, our method has the advantage that it determines propagation constants without resorting the measurement of any reciprocal reflective standard. Propagation constant measurements of a reciprocal network (different-length X-band waveguide straights) and a nonreciprocal network (microwave phase shifter) were first carried out and then compared with those measured by different methods to validate and monitor the accuracy of our method.

我们提出了一种简单的方法来确定具有非对称反射的不可逆均匀网络或直线的正向和反向传播常数。波级联矩阵表示法用于根据阻抗和幅度/相位跃迁对线进行对角化和分解。所提出的方法使用了线路/网络连接和直通连接的散射参数，从而消除了由于制造公差和第二条线路的厚度而引起的误差。此外，与需要诸如穿透反射线之类的校准技术的常规方法相比，我们的方法具有以下优点：可以确定传播常数，而无需借助任何对等的反射标准。