Phthalates are widely used as plasticisers in flexible plastics and containers for food and personal care products (PCPs) and contaminates foods and PCPs. A human biomonitoring (BM) study was performed to study exposure of chemicals from foods and PCPs. For two 24-h periods, adult volunteers (n = 144) in Norway kept diaries on food eaten and usage of PCPs, and collected 24-h urine. Aggregated exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from dietary and PCPs was estimated by Monte-Carlo simulation using Oracle Crystal Ball©. Simulated urinary concentrations using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models were compared with measured urinary metabolites of DEHP, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP) and mono-2-ethyl 5-carboxypentyl phthalate (MECCP). DEHP exposure from food are approximately 10 times higher than exposure than from PCPs. The main contributors to dietary exposure are dairy, grain, fruits and vegetables, meat and fish. Body lotion contribute most to the exposure of DEHP from PCPs. Forward-dosimetry gives good convergence with 24-h urinary concentrations of simulated and measured BM data. The measured concentration of the MECCP metabolite correlated well with simulated high exposure, while the measured concentrations of MEHP, MEHHP and MEOHP partly overlapped with both simulated low, medium and high metabolite exposure.

邻苯二甲酸酯被广泛用作食品和个人护理产品（PCP）的柔性塑料和容器中的增塑剂，并污染食品和PCP。进行了一项人体生物监测（BM）研究，以研究食品和五氯苯酚中化学物质的暴露情况。在两个24小时内，挪威的成年志愿者（n = 144）记录了食用食物和五氯苯酚的使用日记，并收集了24小时尿液。饮食和五氯苯酚对邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）的总暴露量是使用Oracle Crystal Ball©通过Monte-Carlo模拟估算的。使用基于生理学的药代动力学（PBPK）模型模拟​​的尿液浓度与测得的DEHP，邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基己基邻苯二甲酸酯（MEHP），邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基-5-羟基己基邻苯二甲酸酯（MEHHP），单-2-乙基-邻苯二甲酸邻苯二甲酸5-氧己酯（MEOHP）和邻苯二甲酸5-羧基戊基单-2-乙酯（MECCP）。食物中的DEHP暴露量是PCP暴露量的约10倍。饮食摄入的主要来源是乳制品，谷物，水果和蔬菜，肉和鱼。润肤露对五氯苯酚中DEHP的暴露影响最大。正向剂量测定法可与24小时尿液浓度的模拟和测得的BM数据很好地融合。测得的MECCP代谢物浓度与模拟的高暴露量密切相关，而测得的MEHP，MEHHP和MEOHP的浓度与模拟的低，中和高代谢物暴露量部分重叠。正向剂量测定法可与24小时尿液浓度的模拟和测得的BM数据很好地融合。测得的MECCP代谢物浓度与模拟的高暴露量密切相关，而测得的MEHP，MEHHP和MEOHP的浓度与模拟的低，中和高代谢物暴露量部分重叠。正向剂量测定法可与24小时尿液浓度的模拟和测得的BM数据很好地融合。测得的MECCP代谢物浓度与模拟的高暴露量密切相关，而测得的MEHP，MEHHP和MEOHP的浓度与模拟的低，中和高代谢物暴露量部分重叠。