Recent gas disputes between Russia and Ukraine have renewed interest in the study of energy security in the EU. This paper's main aim is to evaluate developments in gas supply security in the EU-27 Member States in the context of the gas crises of 2006 and 2009. Based on a causal classification of energy risks, two dimensions are proposed for a synthetic indicator – a Weighted Energy Security Index for gas – allowing us to gauge the degree of gas supply security in the sample countries. Our findings show that gas supply security in the EU-27 has hardly improved. We found one group of countries in which the level of gas security has actually worsened, another group that has made little effort at improvement, and another consisting only of Latvia in which a greater effort is appreciable.

俄罗斯和乌克兰之间最近发生的天然气纠纷重新引起了人们对欧盟能源安全研究的兴趣。本文的主要目的是在2006年和2009年的天然气危机的背景下评估欧盟27国成员国的天然气供应安全发展。基于能源风险的因果分类，为综合指标提出了两个方面的建议–加权的天然气能源安全指数–使我们能够评估样本国家的天然气供应安全程度。我们的发现表明，欧盟27国的天然气供应安全性几乎没有得到改善。我们发现，一组国家的天然气安全水平实际上在恶化，另一组在改善方面几乎没有付出努力，而另一组仅由拉脱维亚组成，其中值得付出更大的努力。