The brain is a complex network. Growing evidence supports the critical roles of a set of brain regions within the brain network, known as the brain’s cores or hubs. These regions require high energy cost but possess highly efficient neural information transfer in the brain’s network and are termed the rich-club. The rich-club of the brain network is essential as it directly regulates functional integration across multiple segregated regions and helps to optimize cognitive processes. Here, we review the recent advances in rich-club organization to address the fundamental roles of the rich-club in the brain and discuss how these core brain regions affect brain development and disorders. We describe the concepts of the rich-club behind network construction in the brain using graph theoretical analysis. We also highlight novel insights based on animal studies related to the rich-club and illustrate how human studies using neuroimaging techniques for brain development and psychiatric/neurological disorders may be relevant to the rich-club phenomenon in the brain network.

大脑是一个复杂的网络。越来越多的证据支持大脑网络中一组大脑区域（称为大脑的核心或中枢）的关键作用。这些区域需要高昂的能源成本，但在大脑网络中拥有高效的神经信息传递，因此被称为“富人俱乐部”。大脑网络的丰富俱乐部至关重要，因为它可以直接调节跨多个隔离区域的功能集成，并有助于优化认知过程。在这里，我们回顾了富人俱乐部组织的最新进展，以解决富人俱乐部在大脑中的基本作用，并讨论了这些核心大脑区域如何影响大脑发育和疾病。我们使用图论分析来描述大脑中网络构建背后的富人俱乐部的概念。