This research synthesized polybutadiene nanoparticles and investigated the induction time for their nucleation under different supersaturations and their cross-linking to be utilized in an asymmetric membrane synthesis. Purchased (bulk) polybutadiene was dissolved in toluene and then ethanol was added dropwise to the solution as an antisolvent. The induction time, i.e., the time interval between adding the last drop of ethanol till appearance of a turbidity due to polybutadiene nucleation, was determined. The nucleation mechanism was investigated. Dependence of the induction time on supersaturation suggests that the mechanism of nucleation is primary. The correlation coefficient was obtained as 0.986. After formation, the nanoparticles were cross-linked with sodium persulfate as initiator and divinylbenzene as cross-linking agent. The SEM photos showed the formation of nanoparticles as well as their cross-linking. Such a finely porous layer can act as an effective support for active non-porous layers in applications such as gas separation. Also, based on the practical results, it was determined that for pressure equal 7 bar, temperature of 70 °C, membrane thickness of 1.15 mm and polybutadiene to divinyl benzene ratio of 1.5, the relative separation will be 93.58.

中文翻译：

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交联聚丁二烯纳米粒子在非对称膜合成中的应用

该研究合成了聚丁二烯纳米粒子，并研究了它们在不同过饱和度下成核的诱导时间以及它们在不对称膜合成中的交联。将购买的（大量）聚丁二烯溶解在甲苯中，然后将乙醇作为抗溶剂滴加到溶液中。确定诱导时间，即添加最后一滴乙醇直到由于聚丁二烯成核而出现浑浊之间的时间间隔。研究了成核机制。诱导时间对过饱和的依赖性表明成核机制是主要的。相关系数为0.986。形成后，纳米颗粒以过硫酸钠为引发剂，二乙烯基苯为交联剂进行交联。SEM照片显示纳米颗粒的形成以及它们的交联。在气体分离等应用中，这种精细多孔层可以作为活性无孔层的有效支撑。此外，根据实际结果确定，当压力为 7 bar、温度为 70 °C、膜厚为 1.15 mm、聚丁二烯与二乙烯基苯之比为 1.5 时，相对分离度为 93.58。