We propose a Quantum Field Theory description of beams on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer and apply the method to describe Interaction Free Measurements (IFMs), concluding that there is a change of momentum of the fields in IFMs. Analysing the factors involved in the probability of emission of low-energy photons, we argue that they do not yield meaningful contributions to the probabilities of the IFMs.

中文翻译：

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无相互作用测量的量子场论观点

我们提出了对 Mach-Zehnder 干涉仪上光束的量子场理论描述，并应用该方法来描述无相互作用测量 (IFM)，得出结论，IFM 中的场动量发生了变化。分析涉及低能光子发射概率的因素，我们认为它们对 IFM 的概率没有产生有意义的贡献。