Abstract

The anthropogenic evolution of zheltozems (Acrisols) in the sanatorium zone of the Sochi agglomeration is characterized by a change in the acid-base properties and humus status of soils since the late 1920s. The pH_water shifted from 5.1 to 7.4 (mean values for soil genetic horizons) and the total exchangeable bases increased 2.4 times (from 17.2 to 41.2 cmol(+)/kg) in the topsoil and 1.3 times (from 15.9 to 21.0 cmol(+)/kg) in the structural-metamorphic gleyed BMg horizon. Soil alkalization typical for urban environment resulted in the suppression of eluviation of the upper part of the BMg horizon. Humus content remained at the same level (about 6.7%) in the topsoil, but increased (to 3.6–4.3% as compared to the initial 0.5–0.8%) in the subsoil. This transformation is caused by two factors: (1) the input of technogenic salts of metals with the surface runoff and drainage water, which are alkaline and transform the acid-base soil properties; (2) cultivation of soils (filling of the humus horizon of chernozem onto the soil surface) for planting exotic plants from dendroparks in sanatoriums. The soils are qualified for dark structural-metamorphic agrozems. There are small local areas of abrazems, and soils of subordinate landscapes in the lower parts of slopes adjacent to small streams are represented by chemozems over zheltozems. On steep slopes to the Black Sea coast without sanatorium infrastructure, almost untransformed typical zheltozems are formed under natural vegetation. With an increase in pH as a result of stronger anthropogenic transformation, the base saturation of zheltozems steadily decreases.

中文翻译：

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索契疗养院地区Z虫的人为演变

摘要

自1920年代后期以来，索契团聚疗养区中的人为菌类（Acrisols）的人为演化特征是土壤的酸碱性质和腐殖质状态发生了变化。pH_水从5.1改变为7.4（土壤遗传视野的平均值），表土中总的可交换碱增加了2.4倍（从17.2到41.2 cmol（+）/ kg），而增加了1.3倍（从15.9到21.0 cmol（+）/ kg） ）在结构变质的BMg层中。城市环境中典型的土壤碱化作用抑制了BMg层上部的侵蚀。表层土壤中的腐殖质含量保持在相同水平（约6.7％），但下层土壤中的腐殖质含量却有所增加（从最初的0.5-0.8％增至3.6-4.3％）。这种转变是由两个因素引起的：（1）金属的盐与地表径流和排水一起输入，它们是碱性的，并改变了酸碱土的特性；（2）种植土壤（将黑钙土的腐殖质层填充到土壤表面），以便在疗养院的树丛公园种植外来植物。这些土壤适合于深色结构变质农杆菌。地bra的面积很小，与小溪相邻的山坡下部的次要景观土壤以化el泽上的化学氧化酶表示。在没有疗养院基础设施的黑海沿岸陡峭山坡上，天然植被下几乎形成了未转化的典型虫。随着更强的人为转化而导致pH值的升高，蛇灵的碱基饱和度稳步下降。邻近小溪的山坡下部的次生景观土壤由化铁质覆盖。在没有疗养院基础设施的黑海沿岸陡峭山坡上，天然植被下几乎形成了未转化的典型虫。随着更强的人为转化而导致pH值的升高，蛇灵的碱基饱和度稳步下降。邻近小溪的山坡下部的次生景观土壤由化铁质覆盖。在没有疗养院基础设施的黑海沿岸陡峭山坡上，天然植被下几乎形成了未转化的典型虫。由于更强的人为转化，导致pH升高时，蛇灵的碱基饱和度逐渐降低。