Abstract

This work describes a life-form of dwarf subshrub Thymus seravshanicus using the architectural approach, which is one of the modern methods for the in-depth study of the plant structure. The species is widely distributed across various ecotopes in the Republic of Tajikistan (Gissar, Zarafshan, and Khazretishi (Hazrati-Shokh) ranges). For the first time, in the structure of individual plants, this study identifies and characterizes an architectural unit (AU) composed of the main compound skeletal axis (n order), compound skeletal axes of the 1st (n + 1) order, branching shoots, and ephemeral shoots. Depending on the position of the main (n order) compound skeletal axis in space, the AU exhibits diversity, including orthotropic, ascending, and mixed types; features of their development have been described. It is shown that, under different ecological and cenotic habitat conditions, the structure of individuals is formed by the multiple repetition of concurrently three or one AUs. In forb steppe (deciduous “black forest” belt) and forb meadow (subalpine belt) communities, the structure of individuals is formed by the combination and multiple repetition of all AUs. On sites with no free substrate available, the development of individuals starts with the formation of an orthotropic AU and a dense shrub is formed; in areas of unoccupied substrate, the development of individuals begins with the formation of an ascending AU and a clump is formed. In the fescue steppe community (juniper belt), the structure of T. seravshanicus individuals is composed only of an ascending AU; a clone is formed. The polyvariance of shoot development is found to be manifested through (1) the intensive branching common for individuals in the conditions of the black forest belt, and the duration of the continued monopodial growth of shoots is up to 3 years; (2) rosette shoots in the conditions of the subalpine belt, and their monopodial growth continues for up to 6 years; and (3) a lack of occurrence of short metamers in the structure of shoots in the conditions of the juniper belt, and the duration of monopodial growth is up to 2 years. The features that were identified are mechanisms of adaptation of T. seravshanicus to growing conditions and do not lead to changes in the life-form of the dwarf subshrub. These findings expand the understanding of the dwarf subshrub structure and their morphological plasticity and provide a basis for modeling the ways dwarf subshrubs morphologically transform of in different habitats.

中文翻译：

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塔吉克斯坦共和国矮矮灌木胸腺胸腺（唇形科）建筑的修改

摘要

这项工作使用建筑方法描述了矮灌木亚百里香（Thymus seravshanicus）的生命形式，这是用于深入研究植物结构的现代方法之一。该物种广泛分布在塔吉克斯坦共和国（吉萨尔，扎拉夫尚和哈兹雷蒂希（哈兹拉提-肖克）范围内）的各种生态环境中。对于第一次，在个体植物，本研究识别的结构和特征的主要化合物骨架轴线（n阶）构成的建筑单元（AU）中，第一化合物的骨架的轴（Ñ+1）顺序，分支芽和临时芽。根据空间中主要（n阶）复合骨骼轴的位置，AU显示出多样性，包括正交各向异性，升序和混合类型。他们的发展特点已经描述。结果表明，在不同的生态和生境条件下，个体的结构是由三个或一个AU同时重复形成的。在Forb草原（落叶“黑森林”带）和Forb Meadow（亚高山带）群落中，个体的结构是由所有AU的组合和多次重复形成的。在没有游离底物的地方，个体的发育开始于正交各向异性的AU的形成，并形成致密的灌木。在空置的底物区域，个体的发展始于上升的AU的形成，并形成了一个团块。在羊茅草原社区（杜松带）中，T. seravshanicus个体仅由一个上升的AU组成；形成克隆。芽发育的多样性被发现是通过（1）在黑森林带条件下个体常见的密集分支而出现的，芽单脚持续生长持续时间长达3年；（2）在亚高山带条件下的莲座芽，其单足生长持续长达6年；（3）在杜松带条件下，芽的结构中不存在短的同质异位体，单足的生长持续时间长达2年。鉴定出的特征是沙眼衣原体的适应机制。适应不断增长的条件，并且不会导致矮化亚灌木的生活形式发生变化。这些发现扩展了对矮生亚灌木结构及其形态可塑性的理解，并为模拟矮生亚灌木在不同生境中形态转化的方式提供了基础。