BACKGROUND:Lycium barbarum L. has received considerable attention due to nutritional value of berries and its cultivation in Europe has attracted growing interest. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was characterization of Lycium barbarum L. berry cultivated in North Macedonia in terms of nutritional and functional properties and comparison with Lycium chinense M. variety. METHODS:Minerals, total proteins, sugars, antioxidant activity, fatty acids, carotenoids and polyphenols were determined and lipid indices were evaluated. Principal Component Analysis was used to describe variability of composition, while heat map to recognize the parameters significantly different for varieties. RESULTS:Lycium barbarum L. cultivated in North Macedonia represents a rich source of K, Cu, Mn, P, Zn, Mg, Fe and antioxidant compounds. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (mainly linolenic acid) were dominant in oil resulting in very low atherogenic and thrombogenic indices. A variability of 35.1% was ascribed to minerals, carbohydrates and proteins, 22.3% to ω-6 fatty acids and lipid indices of oil, 19.4% to nutrients with antioxidant activity and 13.4% to ω-3 fatty acids (n-3 and n-3/n-6 ratio). CONCLUSIONS:Chemometric analysis highlighted significant differences in terms of inorganic nutrients, antioxidant capacity, proteins, sugar profile and lipid indices in Lycium barbarum L. compared to Lycium chinense M.

中文翻译：

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北马其顿种植的枸杞的特征：化学计量学方法

背景：枸杞由于浆果的营养价值而备受关注，其在欧洲的种植越来越引起人们的兴趣。目的：研究在北马其顿种植的枸杞浆果的营养和功能特性，并与枸杞品种进行比较。方法：测定矿物质，总蛋白，糖，抗氧化活性，脂肪酸，类胡萝卜素和多酚的含量，并评估脂质指数。主成分分析用于描述成分的变异性，而热图则用于识别各品种明显不同的参数。结果：在北马其顿种植的枸杞代表钾，铜，锰，磷，锌，镁，铁和抗氧化剂的丰富来源。多不饱和脂肪酸（主要是亚麻酸）在油中占主导地位，导致极低的动脉粥样硬化指数和血栓形成指数。矿物质，碳水化合物和蛋白质的变异性为35.1％，ω-6脂肪酸和油脂的脂质指数为22.3％，抗氧化活性的营养成分为19.4％，ω-3脂肪酸（n-3和n为13.4％） -3 / n-6的比率）。结论：化学计量学分析表明，与枸杞相比，枸杞的无机养分，抗氧化能力，蛋白质，糖谱和脂质指数存在显着差异。ω-3脂肪酸的含量为4％（n-3和n-3 / n-6的比例）。结论：化学计量学分析表明，与枸杞相比，枸杞的无机养分，抗氧化能力，蛋白质，糖谱和脂质指数存在显着差异。ω-3脂肪酸的含量为4％（n-3和n-3 / n-6的比例）。结论：化学计量学分析表明，与枸杞相比，枸杞的无机养分，抗氧化能力，蛋白质，糖谱和脂质指数存在显着差异。