A comprehensive study on free and submerged hydraulic jumps in different stilling basins was carried out. The effects of three adverse slopes, three bed roughnesses and three positive step heights on the hydraulic jump characteristics with a Froude number of 4·56–9·55 and a submergence factor of 0·1–1·5 were investigated. Two semi-theoretical solutions based on the momentum equation were developed to estimate the sequent depth ratio and the submerged depth ratio and the results were compared with experimental data. The results showed that the submerged depth ratio decreased by 22·3% compared with that of the classical jump. The lengths of the free and submerged hydraulic jumps were decreased by 47 and 32·1%, respectively, compared with the length of the classical jump. The maximum errors in the semi-theoretical estimations of the sequent depth ratio and the submerged depth ratio of free and submerged jumps were ±11% and ±16%, respectively. The thickness of the dimensionless boundary layer of the free and submerged jumps was determined to be 0·71 and 0·37, respectively. The average energy loss of the submerged jump in the conditions of this study was 10% more than that of the classical jump.

中文翻译：

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不同消沉盆地中自由和淹没水力跃迁的特征

进行了不同消沉盆地中自由和淹没水力跃迁的综合研究。研究了三个逆坡，三个床面粗糙度和三个正阶跃高度对水力跳跃特性的影响，Froude数为4·56-9·55，淹没因子为0·1-1〜5。提出了两个基于动量方程的半理论解来估计后续深度比和淹没深度比，并将其与实验数据进行了比较。结果表明，与传统跳水相比，潜水深度比降低了22·3％。与传统的跳跃相比，自由和淹没的水力跳跃的长度分别减少了47％和32·1％。后续深度比和自由跳和水下跳水的水下深度比的半理论估计中的最大误差分别为±11％和±16％。自由跳线和淹没跳线的无量纲边界层的厚度分别确定为0·71和0·37。在此研究条件下，潜水跳的平均能量损失比经典跳的平均能量损失高10％。