For the advancement of Class V restoratives, our goal was to evaluate the physicochemical and mechanical properties, antimicrobial functionality, and cytotoxic potential of novel antimicrobial copolymers. 5-Carboxy-N-(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)-N,N-dimethylpentan-1-aminium bromide (AMadh1) and 10-carboxy-N-(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium bromide (AMadh2) were incorporated into light-curable urethane dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol–extended urethane dimethacrylate, ethyl 2-(hydroxymethyl) acrylate resin (UPE resin). In the AMadhs-UPE resin, the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, degree of vinyl conversion, flexural strength, elastic modulus, and shear bond strength were assessed. Antimicrobial properties were measured using Streptococcus mutans (planktonic and biofilm). Cytotoxicity was tested using human gingival fibroblasts and mouse connective tissue fibroblasts (ATCC® CCL-1™) exposed to two-fold serial dilutions (≤10.6 mmol/L AMadh1 or ≤8.8 mmol/L AMadh2). At 10% mass of AMadh, the attained degree of vinyl conversion values (AMadh1 = 90.1% and AMadh2 = 88.5%) were not statistically different from the UPE resin (88.1%). At both AMadh levels, the flexural strength was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Elastic modulus and contact angle were not significantly affected by AMadh1. Variations in elastic modulus and contact angle were observed with AMadh2; however, this does not disqualify it in future design of Class V restoratives. Compared to UPE resin, AMadh1-UPE and AMadh2-UPE (10% mass) copolymers reduced S. mutans biofilm 4.2- and 1.6-fold, respectively (p ≤ 0.006). In direct contact with human gingival fibroblasts or ATCC CCL-1 cells, at biologically relevant concentrations, the AMadhs did not adversely affect cell viability or their metabolic activity. This effort addresses a significant oral health issue associated with elderly populations. Its successful completion is expected to yield dental restoratives with well-controlled biofunction.

中文翻译：

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新型粘合剂甲基丙烯酸酯牙科单体的抗菌、生物相容性和理化性质

为了推进 V 类修复剂的发展，我们的目标是评估新型抗菌共聚物的物理化学和机械性能、抗菌功能和细胞毒性潜力。5-羧基-N-(2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基)-N,N-二甲基戊烷-1-溴化铵(AMadh1)和10-羧基-N-(2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基)-N,N-二甲基癸烷-将 1-溴化铵 (AMadh2) 掺入光固化氨基甲酸酯二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇扩展氨基甲酸酯二甲基丙烯酸酯、2-（羟甲基）丙烯酸乙酯树脂（UPE 树脂）中。在 AMadhs-UPE 树脂中，评估了疏水/亲水平衡、乙烯基转化程度、弯曲强度、弹性模量和剪切粘合强度。使用变形链球菌（浮游生物和生物膜）测量抗菌特性。使用暴露于两倍系列稀释液（≤10.6 mmol/L AMadh1 或≤8.8 mmol/L AMadh2）的人牙龈成纤维细胞和小鼠结缔组织成纤维细胞 (ATCC® CCL-1™) 测试细胞毒性。在 10% 质量的 AMadh 下，获得的乙烯基转化率值（AMadh1 = 90.1% 和 AMadh2 = 88.5%）与 UPE 树脂（88.1%）没有统计学差异。在两个 AMadh 水平下，弯曲强度均以剂量依赖性方式降低。AMadh1 对弹性模量和接触角没有显着影响。使用 AMadh2 观察到弹性模量和接触角的变化；然而，这并不会使其在未来的 V 类修复体设计中失去资格。与 UPE 树脂相比，AMadh1-UPE 和 AMadh2-UPE（10% 质量）共聚物分别将变形链球菌生物膜减少了 4.2 倍和 1.6 倍（p ≤ 0.006）。在与人牙龈成纤维细胞或 ATCC CCL-1 细胞直接接触时，在生物学相关浓度下，AMadhs 不会对细胞活力或其代谢活性产生不利影响。这项工作解决了与老年人口相关的重要口腔健康问题。它的成功完成有望产生具有良好控制的生物功能的牙科修复剂。