Among various bone regenerative and repair methods, use of osteoinductive scaffold as bone grafts/substitute has gained wide importance worldwide. To develop such osteoinductive scaffold that is more natural and which spontaneously stimulates osteoblast formation without any differentiation media, we prepared electrospun poly ε-caprolactone scaffold which is further modified by means of layer-by-layer method using Cissus quadrangularis callus culture extract and graphene oxide (PCL-GO-CQ). The modified PCL-GO-CQ scaffold was compared with plain poly ε-caprolactone scaffold and poly ε-caprolactone coated only with graphene oxide. Physical properties, such as roughness, wettability, yield strength and tensile strength, of PCL-GO-CQ scaffold were found to be superior. Also, PCL-GO-CQ scaffold showed more in vitro cell compatibility with enhanced cellular proliferation on its surface. Presence of graphene oxide and Cissus quadrangularis callus in scaffold helped in the differentiation of human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells into osteogenic lineage without any differentiation media in less than 20 days. The synergistic effect of Cissus quadrangularis callus extract and graphene oxide in PCL-GO-CQ scaffold enhanced osteoblastic differentiation, osteoconduction and osteoinduction potential of scaffolds making them highly potential in bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering applications.

中文翻译：

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用于骨组织工程的逐层装饰草药细胞兼容支架：氧化石墨烯和 Cissus quadrangularis 的协同作用

在各种骨再生和修复方法中，使用骨诱导支架作为骨移植物/替代物在世界范围内获得了广泛的重视。为了开发这种更自然且无需任何分化培养基即可自发刺激成骨细胞形成的骨诱导支架，我们制备了电纺聚 ε-己内酯支架，该支架通过使用 Cissus quadrangularis 愈伤组织培养提取物和氧化石墨烯的逐层方法进一步修饰(PCL-GO-CQ)。将改性的 PCL-GO-CQ 支架与普通聚 ε-己内酯支架和仅涂有氧化石墨烯的聚 ε-己内酯进行比较。PCL-GO-CQ 支架的物理性能，如粗糙度、润湿性、屈服强度和拉伸强度，被发现是优越的。还，PCL-GO-CQ 支架显示出更多的体外细胞相容性，其表面细胞增殖增强。支架中氧化石墨烯和 Cissus quadrangularis 愈伤组织的存在有助于在不到 20 天的时间内将人脐带沃顿的果冻源间充质干细胞分化为成骨谱系，而无需任何分化培养基。Cissus quadrangularis 愈伤组织提取物和氧化石墨烯在 PCL-GO-CQ 支架中的协同作用增强了支架的成骨细胞分化、骨传导和骨诱导潜力，使其在骨再生和骨组织工程应用中具有很高的潜力。支架中氧化石墨烯和 Cissus quadrangularis 愈伤组织的存在有助于在不到 20 天的时间内将人脐带沃顿的果冻源间充质干细胞分化为成骨谱系，而无需任何分化培养基。Cissus quadrangularis 愈伤组织提取物和氧化石墨烯在 PCL-GO-CQ 支架中的协同作用增强了支架的成骨细胞分化、骨传导和骨诱导潜力，使其在骨再生和骨组织工程应用中具有很高的潜力。支架中氧化石墨烯和 Cissus quadrangularis 愈伤组织的存在有助于在不到 20 天的时间内将人脐带沃顿的果冻源间充质干细胞分化为成骨谱系，而无需任何分化培养基。Cissus quadrangularis 愈伤组织提取物和氧化石墨烯在 PCL-GO-CQ 支架中的协同作用增强了支架的成骨细胞分化、骨传导和骨诱导潜力，使其在骨再生和骨组织工程应用中具有很高的潜力。