The monitoring of railway tracks can be performed through several measurement techniques. Recently, a method of diagnosing the railway track has been proposed using fiber Bragg gratings integrated inside the railway sleeper. An analytical model for the dynamics of railway sleepers has been developed allowing calculation of the sleeper responses. In this model, using the relation between the rail forces and displacements of a periodically supported beam, the sleeper’s dynamic equation is written with the help of the Euler–Bernoulli beam and Dirac’s delta distribution. Subsequently, the sleeper dynamic responses are calculated using the Green’s function. This article presents an application of this model to identify the train loads from the strains measured in situ. Based on this model, we can obtain a matrix which presents the link between the loads and the sleeper responses. Then, by substituting the Fourier transform of measured strains at the middle and at the two rail seats of the sleeper, the train loads can be quickly calculated by inverting the matrix with the help of MATLAB. This method is validated by the experiments. Numerical examples with the measurement in situ are presented to show identified wheel loads from experimental signals.

中文翻译：

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从现场集成轨枕的动态响应识别列车载荷

可以通过多种测量技术对铁路轨道进行监测。最近，提出了一种使用集成在铁路枕木内部的光纤布拉格光栅来诊断铁路轨道的方法。已经开发了铁路枕木动力学分析模型，可以计算枕木响应。在该模型中，利用轨道力与周期支撑梁位移之间的关系，借助欧拉-伯努利梁和狄拉克三角洲分布，可以写出轨枕的动力方程。随后，使用格林函数计算轨枕动态响应。本文介绍了该模型的应用，可根据现场测量的应变识别列车载荷。基于这个模型，我们可以获得一个矩阵，该矩阵表示负载和枕木响应之间的联系。然后，通过代入枕木中间和两个轨座处实测应变的傅里叶变换，借助MATLAB对矩阵求逆，可以快速计算出列车载荷。该方法经实验验证。提供了具有原位测量的数值示例，以显示从实验信号中识别出的车轮载荷。