Aim. Orofacial chronic neuropathic pain commonly occurs following trigeminal nerve injuries. We investigated whether swimming exercise can reduce trigeminal neuropathic pain through improving antioxidant capacity. Materials and Methods. Twenty-eight Wistar rats of either sex and 180–220 grams were divided into 4 groups as sham, neuropathy, neuropathy + single bout exercise, and neuropathy + 2 weeks of exercise. Trigeminal neuropathy was carried out through chronic constriction injury (CCI) of infraorbital nerve. Protocols of exercise were included a single bout session (45 minutes) and a 2-week (45 minutes/day/6 days a week) swimming exercise. Mechanical allodynia was detected using Von Frey filaments. The activity of the serum antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxides dismutase was assayed using ELISA kits. Results. We found that CCI significantly reduced facial pain threshold in both sexes (). Both swimming exercise protocols significantly reduced mechanical allodynia in female rats compared to the sham group; however, only 2 weeks of exercise were significantly effective in male rats. The activity of antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase significantly () decreased following CCI in female rats against that in the sham group and 2-week exercise significantly () increased it toward the control level. The levels of glutathione peroxidase in male rats and superoxidase dismutase in both sexes were not significantly different compared to their sham groups. Conclusion. Swimming exercise alleviates trigeminal neuropathic pain in both sexes. Oxidative stress as a possible mechanism was involved in the effect of exercise on female rat trigeminal neuropathy.

中文翻译：

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三叉神经对运动的疼痛反应中的性别差异：氧化应激的作用。

目的。口腔慢性神经性疼痛通常发生在三叉神经损伤后。我们调查了游泳运动是否可以通过提高抗氧化能力来减轻三叉神经痛。材料和方法。性别和180–220克的28只Wistar大鼠分为假手术，神经病，神经病+单次运动和神经病+ 2周运动四组。三叉神经病变是通过眶下神经的慢性压迫性损伤（CCI）进行的。锻炼方案包括一次回合（45分钟）和2周（每周45分钟/天/ 6天）游泳锻炼。使用Von Frey细丝检测出机械性异常性疼痛。使用ELISA试剂盒测定血清抗氧化酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性。结果。我们发现CCI可以显着降低男女的面部疼痛阈值（）。与假手术组相比，两种游泳运动方案均显着降低了雌性大鼠的机械性异常性疼痛。但是，只有2周的运动对雄性大鼠有效。抗氧化酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性显着（）雌性大鼠CCI后与假手术组相比降低了，并且2周运动显着（）将其增加到控制水平。与假手术组相比，雄性大鼠中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物酶歧化酶水平无明显差异。结论。游泳锻炼可减轻两性的三叉神经痛。氧化应激作为一种可能的机制参与了运动对雌性大鼠三叉神经病变的影响。