ABSTRACT Nest predation is considered a major cause of population decline for the Endangered Alwal Psephotellus chrysopterygius (Golden-shouldered parrot) in Cape York Peninsula, Australia. Camera-traps were installed at 28 Alwal nests across two breeding seasons in four important refuges for the parrot, to confirm nest predator identities and their impact on nesting success. Nest predators were more common at Alwal nests prior to fledging. The feral cat Felis catus and yellow-spotted monitor Varanus panoptes were the most common predators detected at nests, but the Black-backed butcherbird Cracticus mentalis, Pied butcherbird C. nigrogularis and Brown goshawk Acciptier fasciatus were also documented predating nests. Predators were significantly more common at nests in the days prior to fledging, possibly due to increased nest site activity. Nest success was higher amongst denser vegetation, indicating that cover may inhibit detection of nests by predators, particularly at fledging time. As with many threatened species globally, further monitoring is needed to disentangle knowledge of Alwal nest predation, including refined nest-monitoring techniques to document elusive predation events.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚约克角半岛奥尔科拉地区的 Alwal（金肩鹦鹉 Psephotellus chrysopterygius）本地和异国情调的巢穴捕食者

摘要 巢捕食被认为是澳大利亚约克角半岛濒临灭绝的 Alwal Psephotellus chrysopterygius（金肩鹦鹉）种群数量下降的主要原因。在四个重要的鹦鹉避难所的两个繁殖季节，在 28 个 Alwal 巢穴安装了摄像头，以确认巢穴捕食者的身份及其对筑巢成功的影响。在羽化之前，巢捕食者在阿尔瓦尔巢穴中更为常见。野猫 Felis catus 和黄斑巨蜥是在巢穴中发现的最常见的捕食者，但黑背屠夫 Cracticus mentalis、花斑屠夫 C. nigrogularis 和褐苍鹰 Acciptier fasciatus 也被记录在巢穴之前。在羽化前的几天里，捕食者在巢穴中更为常见，这可能是由于巢穴活动增加。在茂密的植被中筑巢成功率更高，这表明覆盖物可能会抑制捕食者发现巢穴，尤其是在羽翼未丰的时期。与全球许多受威胁的物种一样，需要进一步监测以了解 Alwal 巢穴捕食的知识，包括改进巢穴监测技术以记录难以捉摸的捕食事件。