Debris flow gullies have high potential energy and geomorphic characteristics including a steep longitudinal slope and abundant loose material sources. They often experience debris flow with a strong impact force and a large instantaneous flow. Drainage engineering measures are most commonly used for mitigation in these gullies. However, the abrasion of drainage channels with large gradients (DCLG) is complex and strong because of the high-speed flushing of debris. In this study, the abrasion behavior of debris flow in DCLG is analyzed based on the kinematic characteristics and the theory of composite abrasive wear. Energy dissipation and anti-wear measures are suggested, and their effects are summarized with reference to a case study and in situ observation. The results show that there are four main types of wear morphology in drainage channels. The abrasion system of drainage channels shows the characteristics of system dependency, time dependency and multidisciplinary coupling. Energy dissipation and anti-wear measures include prefabricated reinforced concrete boxes as substrate, transverse roughening belts, adding a wear-resistant admixture, etc. The flow velocity of the debris flow is reduced by 5.7–37.1% after passing through the energy dissipation section. The distribution of abrasion and the mud depth show that the variation trend of the flow velocity in the channel is ”acceleration → deceleration → reacceleration“. According to tracking observations during two flood seasons, the energy dissipation and anti-wear measures are the most effective.

中文翻译：

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大梯度泥石流排水通道的磨损行为及抗磨措施

泥石流沟具有高势能和地貌特征，包括陡峭的纵向坡度和丰富的松散物质来源。他们经常遭遇冲击力强、瞬时流量大的泥石流。排水工程措施最常用于这些沟壑中的缓解。然而，大坡度排水通道（DCLG）的磨损由于碎屑的高速冲洗而复杂而强烈。本研究基于运动学特性和复合磨粒磨损理论，对DCLG中泥石流的磨损行为进行了分析。提出了能量耗散和抗磨措施，并结合案例研究和现场观察总结了其效果。结果表明，排水沟内主要有四种磨损形态。排水渠道磨损系统表现出系统依赖、时间依赖和多学科耦合的特点。消能抗磨措施包括以预制钢筋混凝土箱为基材、横向粗化带、添加耐磨外加剂等，泥石流通过消能段后流速降低5.7%～37.1%。磨损分布和泥浆深度表明，通道内流速的变化趋势为“加速→减速→再加速”。根据两个汛期的跟踪观察，消能防磨措施最为有效。消能抗磨措施包括以预制钢筋混凝土箱为基材、横向粗化带、添加耐磨外加剂等，泥石流通过消能段后流速降低5.7%～37.1%。磨损分布和泥浆深度表明，通道内流速的变化趋势为“加速→减速→再加速”。根据两个汛期的跟踪观察，消能防磨措施最为有效。消能抗磨措施包括以预制钢筋混凝土箱为基材、横向粗化带、添加耐磨外加剂等，泥石流通过消能段后流速降低5.7%～37.1%。磨损分布和泥浆深度表明，通道内流速的变化趋势为“加速→减速→再加速”。根据两个汛期的跟踪观察，消能防磨措施最为有效。通过耗能段后 1%。磨损分布和泥浆深度表明，通道内流速的变化趋势为“加速→减速→再加速”。根据两个汛期的跟踪观察，消能防磨措施最为有效。通过耗能段后 1%。磨损分布和泥浆深度表明，通道内流速的变化趋势为“加速→减速→再加速”。根据两个汛期的跟踪观察，消能防磨措施最为有效。