The present study was a six-year long-term positioning experiment to explore the microbial community structure in the soil of spring maize under different cultivation techniques in rainfed areas. Five treatments were designed as follows: no fertilizer (CK); 135 kg ha^-1 N and 90 kg ha^-1 P under straw mulching (SM); plastic mulching (PM); ridge-furrow with plastic film mulching (RFPFM) and green manure (GM). The results revealed that Actinobacteria (24%-33%), Proteobacteria (23.6%-33.4%), Acidobacteria (12.8%-18%) and Firmicutes (0.6%-3%) were the dominant phyla in different soil layers. The relative abundance (RA) of Actinobacteria in the surface soil layer (0–20 cm) of CK and GM (33.48% and 32.08%) was higher than that in the other treatments. Proteobacteria was richer at 0–20 cm than at 20–40 cm in all treatments. The RA of Proteobacteria in RFPFM (33.43%) was significantly (p < .05) greater than that in the other treatments, and the RA of Firmicutes (3.0%) in the RFPFM treatment at 20–40 cm was significantly (p < .05) greater. Chryseobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacillus and Altererythrobacter were the dominant genera in PM, SM, GM and RFPFM, respectively. Solirubrobacter preferred soil with stable aggregates and was the dominant genus in the control treatment. The findings of this study demonstrated that changes in soil bacterial RA and community composition were significantly affected by mulching treatment.

中文翻译：

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春玉米栽培后土壤细菌群落结构高通量扩增测序的不同技术

本研究是一项为期六年的长期定位试验，旨在探索雨养区不同栽培技术下春玉米土壤微生物群落结构。五个处理设计如下：不施肥（CK）；135 kg ha ^-1 N 和 90 kg ha ^-1 P 秸秆覆盖 (SM)；塑料覆盖（PM）；地膜覆盖（RFPFM）和绿肥（GM）的垄沟。结果表明，放线菌（24%-33%）、变形菌门（23.6%-33.4%）、酸菌门（12.8%-18%）和厚壁菌门（0.6%-3%）是不同土层中的优势门。放线菌的相对丰度 (RA)CK和GM在表层土层（0-20 cm）中（33.48%和32.08%）高于其他处理。在所有处理中，0-20 厘米处的变形菌比 20-40 厘米处更丰富。的RA变形菌在RFPFM（33.43％）显显著（p  <0.05）大于在其它处理，和的RA厚壁菌门在RFPFM治疗在20-40厘米（3.0％）为显著（p  <。 05）更大。金黄色杆菌、乳杆菌、芽孢杆菌和交替红杆菌分别是 PM、SM、GM 和 RFPFM 的优势属。单核细菌具有稳定团聚体的优选土壤，是对照处理中的优势属。本研究的结果表明，覆盖处理显着影响了土壤细菌 RA 和群落组成的变化。