The expected magnitude of extralow‐frequency (ELF) electromagnetic response in the upper ionosphere to ground large‐scale power transmission lines at low Earth orbit (LEO) is modeled. The full‐wave system of Maxwell's equations is numerically solved in a realistic ionosphere whose parameters have been reconstructed with the use of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. We have calculated the altitudinal structure in the atmosphere and ionosphere of electromagnetic field and Poynting flux excited by an oscillating 50/150 Hz linear current suspended above the ground. The leakage rate into the upper ionosphere was shown to increase during nighttime hours and above a high‐resistive crust. The amplitudes of electromagnetic power line emission (PLE) detected by LEO satellites correspond to the unbalanced power line current intensity of about 1–10 A, depending on the crust resistivity.

中文翻译：

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通过输电线路模拟电离层上部的ELF电磁场

对上电离层中对低地球轨道（LEO）上的大型电力传输线的超低频（ELF）电磁响应的预期幅度进行了建模。麦克斯韦方程组的全波系统是在一个现实的电离层中进行数值求解的，该电离层的参数已使用国际参考电离层（IRI）模型进行了重构。我们已经计算了大气和电离层中的垂直结构，以及悬浮在地面上方的50/150 Hz振荡线性电流激发的珀因廷通量。在夜间，进入高电离层的泄漏率增加，并且高于高电阻的地壳。