To explore the relationship between traditional healers and conventional psychotherapy, we conducted a combined ethnographic study and structured observational rating of healers in the middle hill region of central Nepal. We conducted in-depth interviews and ethnographic observations of healing with 84 participants comprising 29 traditional healers and 55 other community members. Overall, our observations and participant responses yielded a range of interventions that improved health through belief, satisfaction in the soul, social support, transference, and symbolic narration. The findings from our overall ethnography suggest that healers offer a platform for their patients to accept a disease state, cope with it, and to experience palliation of distress. We additionally focused on one participant who saw multiple healers for a case study, during which we rated healing behavior using an observational measure of empathy, emotional validation, and therapeutic alliance. Using this measure, healers who were perceived as successful, scored high on alliance, empathy, promoting expectations of recovery, and use of cultural models of distress. The results of our structured observation suggest healers draw upon processes also observed in psychotherapy. Further research is needed to explore if these practices can be generalized to healers in other parts of Nepal and other settings. [spirituality, mental health, ethnopsychology, shamanism, mind-body relations].

中文翻译：

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心灵的满足：适用于尼泊尔农村传统治疗师的共同因素理论

为了探索传统治疗师与传统心理治疗之间的关系，我们对尼泊尔中部中山地区的治疗师进行了民族志研究和结构化观察评级相结合。我们对 84 名参与者进行了深入访谈和民族志观察，其中包括 29 名传统治疗师和 55 名其他社区成员。总体而言，我们的观察和参与者的反应产生了一系列干预措施，这些干预措施通过信念、灵魂满足、社会支持、转移和象征性叙述来改善健康。我们整体民族志的研究结果表明，治疗师为他们的患者提供了一个平台，让他们接受疾病状态，应对它，并体验痛苦的缓和。我们还关注了一位在案例研究中看到多名治疗师的参与者，在此期间，我们使用同理心、情绪验证和治疗联盟的观察措施来评估治疗行为。使用这一衡量标准，被认为是成功的治疗师在联盟、同理心、促进康复期望和使用文化模型方面得分很高。我们结构化观察的结果表明，治疗师借鉴了在心理治疗中也观察到的过程。需要进一步研究来探索这些做法是否可以推广到尼泊尔其他地区和其他地区的治疗师。[灵性、心理健康、民族心理学、萨满教、身心关系]。促进对康复的期望，并使用文化模式的痛苦。我们结构化观察的结果表明，治疗师借鉴了在心理治疗中也观察到的过程。需要进一步研究来探索这些做法是否可以推广到尼泊尔其他地区和其他地区的治疗师。[灵性、心理健康、民族心理学、萨满教、身心关系]。促进对康复的期望，并使用文化模式的痛苦。我们结构化观察的结果表明，治疗师借鉴了在心理治疗中也观察到的过程。需要进一步研究来探索这些做法是否可以推广到尼泊尔其他地区和其他地区的治疗师。[灵性、心理健康、民族心理学、萨满教、身心关系]。