Red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, destroys palms almost all over the world, especially in the Middle East, where dates are a strategic crop in arid places. In view of the urgent need to combat this destructive pest, effective pesticides with high environmental safety should be sought. Spinosad is a pesticide of bacterial origin that is presumed to have a high degree of environmental safety and is effective in combating a wide range of insect pests. In this study, the efficacy of spinosad was evaluated in females of R. ferrugineus. The lethal concentration for 50% of the treated females was calculated at 44.3 ppm. The effects of spinosad concentrations of 10, 50 and 200 ppm on the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the ovaries were assessed. In addition, the pathological effects of these concentrations were documented on the ultrastructure of the follicle cells and ooplasm. The results showed a significant increase in CAT activity only in response to treatment with 200 ppm. Treating the females with different spinosad concentrations resulted in varying intensity changes in cell organelles, where the most pronounced sign of programmed cell death was at the concentration 200 ppm. This study demonstrates the possibility of using spinosad as an insecticide against females of R. ferrugineus.

中文翻译：

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多杀菌素中毒红棕象鼻虫（Rhynchophorus ferrugineus）卵巢的抗氧化状态和超微结构缺陷

红棕象鼻虫，Rhynchophorus ferrugineus，几乎在世界各地摧毁棕榈树，尤其是在中东，枣是干旱地区的战略作物。鉴于对抗这种破坏性害虫的迫切需要，应寻求具有高环境安全性的有效杀虫剂。多杀菌素是一种细菌来源的农药，被认为具有高度的环境安全性，可有效防治多种害虫。在这项研究中，多杀菌素的功效在R. ferrugineus 的雌性中进行了评估。经计算，50% 受治疗雌性的致死浓度为 44.3 ppm。评估了 10、50 和 200 ppm 的多杀菌素浓度对卵巢中过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 (GST) 和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 活性的影响。此外，这些浓度对毛囊细胞和卵质的超微结构的病理影响被记录在案。结果显示仅响应于 200 ppm 的处理，CAT 活性显着增加。用不同的多杀菌素浓度处理雌性导致细胞器的不同强度变化，其中程序性细胞死亡的最明显迹象是浓度为 200 ppm。该研究证明了使用多杀菌素作为杀虫剂来杀灭红锈菌雌性的可能性。其中程序性细胞死亡最明显的迹象是浓度为 200 ppm。该研究证明了使用多杀菌素作为杀虫剂来杀灭红锈菌雌性的可能性。其中程序性细胞死亡最明显的迹象是浓度为 200 ppm。这项研究证明了使用多杀菌素作为杀虫剂来杀灭红锈菌雌性的可能性。