Abstract Vertical greenery provides a number of ecosystem services, yet its potential remains underexploited in urban areas. Further, existing designs use a narrow range of species chosen for ornamental rather than environmental traits. Knowledge of species options is limited, but its importance is mounting as stormwater irrigation technologies evolve and vertical greenery’s potential as an evapotranspiration mechanism grows. To identify additional species that can maintain high water evapotranspiration in wellwatered conditions and low evapotranspiration in drought regimes, we selected eight native, herbaceous perennials from similar habitats, placed them in vertical, “green wall trays” under greenhouse conditions, and compared their growth responses to water shortages ranging from one to six weeks. Two species, Knautia arvensis and Geranium sanguineum, presented both of the desired water-use traits. More generally, species with a degree of succulence of root, shoot, or leaves dealt best with drought conditions. Armeria maritima, Campanula persicifolia and Saxifraga granulata survived the best under extended drought. The performance of Dianthus deltoides, Hypericum perforatum and Leucanthenum vulgare was inadequate for both water use and drought survival. The study confirms that the trait relevant for absolute volume of water transpiration is plant biomass. Further, irrespective of species’ drought strategy, degree of succulence is shown to have the greatest impact on a plant’s ability to survive drought.

中文翻译：

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八种本地多年生草本植物对活墙系统的水分利用和干旱响应

摘要 垂直绿化提供了许多生态系统服务，但其在城市地区的潜力仍未得到充分利用。此外，现有的设计使用范围很窄的物种选择用于观赏而不是环境特征。物种选择的知识有限，但随着雨水灌溉技术的发展和垂直绿化作为蒸发蒸腾机制的潜力增长，其重要性正在增加。为了确定能够在充足灌溉条件下保持高水分蒸发量和在干旱状态下保持低蒸发量的其他物种，我们选择了来自类似栖息地的 8 种本地多年生草本植物，将它们放置在温室条件下的垂直“绿墙托盘”中，并比较了它们的生长反应到一到六周不等的缺水。两个品种，Knautia arvensis 和 Geranium sanguineum 具有两种理想的用水特性。更一般地说，具有一定程度的根、芽或叶多汁的物种最适合干旱条件。Armeria maritima、Campanula persicifolia 和 Saxifraga granulata 在长期干旱下存活得最好。Dianthus deltoides、贯叶连翘和 Leucanthenum vulgare 的性能在用水和干旱存活方面均不足。该研究证实，与水蒸腾绝对体积相关的性状是植物生物量。此外，无论物种的干旱策略如何，多汁程度对植物抗旱能力的影响最大。或叶子在干旱条件下处理得最好。Armeria maritima、Campanula persicifolia 和 Saxifraga granulata 在长期干旱下存活得最好。Dianthus deltoides、贯叶连翘和 Leucanthenum vulgare 的性能在用水和干旱存活方面均不足。该研究证实，与水蒸腾绝对体积相关的性状是植物生物量。此外，无论物种的干旱策略如何，多汁程度对植物抗旱能力的影响最大。或叶子在干旱条件下处理得最好。Armeria maritima、Campanula persicifolia 和 Saxifraga granulata 在长期干旱下存活得最好。Dianthus deltoides、贯叶连翘和 Leucanthenum vulgare 的性能在用水和干旱存活方面均不足。该研究证实，与水蒸腾绝对体积相关的性状是植物生物量。此外，无论物种的干旱策略如何，多汁程度对植物抗旱能力的影响最大。该研究证实，与水蒸腾绝对体积相关的性状是植物生物量。此外，无论物种的干旱策略如何，多汁程度对植物抗旱能力的影响最大。该研究证实，与水蒸腾绝对体积相关的性状是植物生物量。此外，无论物种的干旱策略如何，多汁程度对植物抗旱能力的影响最大。