The development of in-situ soil moisture sensors (SMS) with advanced materials is the requirement of the future autonomous agriculture industry. However, an open challenge for these sensors is to control changes in the capacitance rather than resistance while attaining reliability, high performance, scalability and stability. In this work, a series of materials such as Graphite oxide (GO), Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), Vanadium oxide (V₂O₅), and Molybdenum oxide (MoO₃) are tested in realizing a receptor layer that can efficiently sense soil moisture. Here, we found that MoS₂ offers the sensitivity, which is nearly three times higher (1200 pF) than in the case of V₂O₅ for any given range of soil-moisture content outperforming both GO and MoO₃ materials. The corresponding increase in the sensitivities for MoO₃, GO, MoS₂, and V₂O₅ are ∼13 %, ∼11 %, ∼30 %, and ∼9 % respectively, for a variety of temperature up to 45 °C. A temperature variation of 25 °C to 50 °C showed a minimal increase in the sensitivity response for all the devices. We further demonstrated a record sensitivity of 540 % with MoS₂ in black soil and the corresponding response time was 65 s. Finally, the recovery time for the MoS₂ sensor is 27 s, which is quite fast.

开发具有先进材料的原位土壤湿度传感器（SMS）是未来自治农业行业的要求。然而，这些传感器面临的一个开放挑战是控制电容的变化而不是电阻的变化，同时要获得可靠性，高性能，可扩展性和稳定性。在这项工作中，测试了一系列材料，例如氧化石墨（GO），二硫化钼（MoS ₂），氧化钒（V ₂ O ₅）和氧化钼（MoO ₃），以实现可以有效感应的受体层。土壤湿度。在这里，我们发现MoS ₂提供了灵敏度，这比V ₂ O ₅的灵敏度高了将近三倍（1200 pF）。对于任何给定范围的土壤水分，其性能都优于GO和MoO ₃材料。在高达45°C的各种温度下，对MoO ₃，GO，MoS ₂和V ₂ O ₅的敏感性相应增加分别为〜13％，〜11％，〜30％和〜9％。25°C至50°C的温度变化表明，所有器件的灵敏度响应几乎没有增加。我们进一步证明了MoS ₂在黑土壤中的创纪录灵敏度为540％，相应的响应时间为65 s。最后，MoS ₂传感器的恢复时间为27 s，这相当快。