Abstract Currently, photovoltaic (PV) installations target a maximization of annual energy yield. However, as the grid penetration of PV is increasing, PV electricity generation will need to match better with local load profiles. Especially the seasonal variabilities remain challenging. While wind and PV tend to have complementary seasonal variability, wind turbine installation faces limitations especially in densely populated areas. In this paper, we discuss how this challenge may be addressed with climate- and consumption-specific PV module technology. In particular, we demonstrate how the temperature coefficient of a PV system can impact the energy yield throughout the year. In colder climates, higher temperature coefficients allow for a better energy balance, favoring production in colder seasons without a significant reduction of yearly energy yield. Simulations for locations at high latitude, and colder climates, indicate that higher temperature coefficients and improved low-light behavior not only enable a higher energy yield in cold seasons, but also negligible losses in the overall yearly energy yield compared to lower temperature coefficients and slightly better low-light behavior. Simulations show that these results can be obtained using commercial PV modules. More broadly, they indicate how PV module technology may be optimized depending on the location and climate.

中文翻译：

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利用光伏组件技术全年调整发电量

摘要 目前，光伏 (PV) 装置的目标是年发电量的最大化。然而，随着光伏的电网渗透率不断提高，光伏发电将需要更好地匹配当地的负载情况。特别是季节性变化仍然具有挑战性。虽然风能和光伏往往具有互补的季节性变化，但风力涡轮机的安装面临限制，尤其是在人口稠密的地区。在本文中，我们将讨论如何通过针对气候和消费的光伏组件技术解决这一挑战。我们特别展示了光伏系统的温度系数如何影响全年的能源产量。在较冷的气候中，较高的温度系数可以实现更好的能量平衡，有利于较冷季节的生产，而不会显着降低年能源产量。对高纬度和较冷气候地点的模拟表明，较高的温度系数和改善的弱光行为不仅可以在寒冷季节实现更高的能源产量，而且与较低的温度系数相比，总体年能源产量的损失可以忽略不计。更好的低光行为。模拟表明，这些结果可以使用商用光伏组件获得。更广泛地说，它们表明如何根据位置和气候优化光伏组件技术。但与较低的温度系数和稍好的低光行为相比，整体年发电量的损失也可以忽略不计。模拟表明，这些结果可以使用商用光伏组件获得。更广泛地说，它们表明如何根据位置和气候优化光伏组件技术。但与较低的温度系数和稍好的低光行为相比，整体年发电量的损失也可以忽略不计。模拟表明，这些结果可以使用商用光伏组件获得。更广泛地说，它们表明如何根据位置和气候优化光伏组件技术。