In the last decade, the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) bulk electric system has experienced a rapid growth of renewable energy within its footprint. To understand the impact of increasing renewable generation on system reliability, MISO developed the Renewable Integration Impact Assessment (RIIA) framework to examine potential high renewable integration scenarios, starting with the current physical infrastructure, operational practices, and regulations of the North American Eastern Interconnection Bulk Electric System. As of November 2019, the RIIA study has completed simulation up to 50% annual aggregate renewable energy penetration from the current 8% level. The RIIA study indicates that the complexity of integrating renewable energy resources across the MISO footprint would increase sharply beyond the 30% penetration level. The existing infrastructure may be inadequate for fully accessing the diverse resources. This paper focuses on the development of the RIIA framework, discusses challenges of simulating high renewable penetration scenarios, and considers policy implications.

在过去的十年中，中陆独立系统运营商（MISO）的大型电力系统在其足迹范围内经历了可再生能源的快速增长。为了了解可再生能源发电量增加对系统可靠性的影响，MISO开发了可再生能源综合影响评估（RIIA）框架，从当前的物理基础设施，运营实践和北美东部互连散装法规开始，研究潜在的高可再生能源整合方案。电气系统。截至2019年11月，RIIA研究已完成了从目前8％的水平到每年可再生能源总渗透率的50％的模拟。RIIA研究表明，在MISO足迹范围内整合可再生能源的复杂性将急剧增加，渗透率将超过30％。现有的基础架构可能不足以完全访问各种资源。本文着重于RIIA框架的开发，讨论了模拟高可再生能源渗透情景的挑战，并考虑了政策含义。