To evaluate the advantages and mechanisms involved in repairing rabbit dural defect with a novel electrospun bacterial cellulose (EBC) membrane, a series of experiments were carried out in vitro and in vivo. Compared with common bacterial cellulose (BC) membrane, a more dispersed and regular fiber structure and a better porosity and water holding capacity were found in the EBC membrane, which also had superior degradability. However, the biomechanical properties were slightly decreased. The results demonstrated that BC and EBC membranes had little effect on proliferation and apoptosis of mouse fibroblast cells. There were no complications such as infection, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, epilepsy and brain swelling after BC and EBC membrane repairs in rabbit models. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot, the early inflammatory reactions in the EBC group were shown to be lower than in the BC group, and were close to the autologous dura mater group. Histological observations and western blot revealed more collagen fibers evenly distributed on the outer side of EBC membranes than in the BC and unpatched groups, and fewer brain tissue adhesions and epidural scars were found in the EBC group. Compared with common BC membrane, the EBC membrane had better biophysical properties and biocompatibility. It is expected to be a suitable alternative material for the repair of damaged dura mater.

为了评估利用新型电纺细菌纤维素（EBC）膜修复兔硬脑膜缺损的优势和机理，在体内和体外进行了一系列实验。与普通细菌纤维素（BC）膜相比，EBC膜具有更分散和规则的纤维结构，并具有更好的孔隙率和持水能力，并且具有出色的可降解性。但是，生物力学性能略有下降。结果表明，BC和EBC膜对小鼠成纤维细胞的增殖和凋亡几乎没有影响。在兔子模型中，BC和EBC膜修复后没有感染，脑脊液漏，癫痫和脑肿胀等并发症。使用实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）和Western印迹，EBC组的早期炎症反应显示出低于BC组，并且接近自体硬脑膜组。组织学观察和Western印迹显示，与BC组和未修补组相比，EBC膜外侧均匀分布的胶原纤维更多，而在EBC组中发现较少的脑组织粘连和硬膜外瘢痕。与普通的BC膜相比，EBC膜具有更好的生物物理性能和生物相容性。有望成为修复受损硬脑膜的合适替代材料。组织学观察和Western印迹显示，与在BC和未修补的组中相比，在EBC膜的外侧上均匀分布的胶原纤维更多，并且在EBC组中发现较少的脑组织粘附和硬膜外瘢痕。与普通的BC膜相比，EBC膜具有更好的生物物理性能和生物相容性。有望成为修复受损硬脑膜的合适替代材料。组织学观察和Western印迹显示，与BC组和未修补组相比，EBC膜外侧均匀分布的胶原纤维更多，而在EBC组中发现较少的脑组织粘连和硬膜外瘢痕。与普通的BC膜相比，EBC膜具有更好的生物物理性能和生物相容性。有望成为修复受损硬脑膜的合适替代材料。