Abstract Varved (annually laminated) lake sediments provide valuable archives for ultra-distal tephra preservation and at the same time allow the precise dating of volcanic eruptive events. We used a high-precision varve chronology from Lake Żabinskie in NE Poland and EPMA glass chemical data to identify cryptotephra from three large-scale, late Holocene eruptions from European and Northern American volcanoes: the White River Ash eastern lobe (WRAe) eruption from Mount Churchill, Alaska (833–850 CE); a tentative finding of the Glen Garry eruption of the Askja volcano, Iceland (1966–2210 cal a BP); and an yet undefined eruption from Furnas volcano, Azores. The varve age of 863–903 CE of the Alaskan WRAe cryptotephra in Lake Żabinskie is slightly younger than the proximal radiocarbon date and the annual layer estimate of the distal AD860B correlative in the Greenland NGRIP ice core but is within 14C dating uncertainties of distal tephra findings in the Irish peat record. The varve ages of the Glen Garry and Furnas tephras in Lake Żabinskie provide a minimum age at 1991 cal a BP (41 BCE). All three cryptotephra findings represent their easternmost occurrences from the volcanic source and hence considerably extend existing tephra dispersal maps.

中文翻译：

---

在波兰东北部 Żabińskie 湖的变质沉积物中发现的晚全新世超远端隐藻

摘要 斑纹（每年分层）的湖泊沉积物为超远端火山灰保存提供了宝贵的档案，同时允许对火山喷发事件进行精确测年。我们使用来自波兰东北部 Żabinskie 湖的高精度 varve 年表和 EPMA 玻璃化学数据来识别来自欧洲和北美火山的三个大规模、全新世晚期喷发的隐翅目：白河火山灰东叶 (WRAe) 火山喷发丘吉尔，阿拉斯加（公元 833-850 年）；冰岛阿斯加火山的格伦加里喷发的初步发现（1966-2210 cal a BP）；以及亚速尔群岛富尔纳斯火山尚未确定的喷发。Żabinskie 湖中阿拉斯加 WRAe 隐翅目的变温年龄为 863–903 CE 比近端放射性碳日期和格陵兰 NGRIP 冰芯中远端 AD860B 相关物的年层估计值略年轻，但在远端 tephra 发现的 14C 测年不确定性内在爱尔兰泥炭记录中。Żabinskie 湖中的 Glen Garry 和 Furnas tephras 的 varve 年龄提供了 1991 cal a BP（公元前 41 年）的最低年龄。所有三个crypttephra 发现都代表了它们在火山源最东端的出现，因此大大扩展了现有的tephra 扩散图。