Abstract Its desirable to design nanomaterials with diminution of environmental hazards and with specific functional characteristics including magnetic properties. However, the utilization of plant extracts for nanoparticles synthesis are advantageous as they are ecofriendly and sustainable. Polyphenols from certain plant extract can also form iron complexes and thereby reducing them to metal nanoparticles and stabilising them. Herein, we report the green synthesis and characterization of multiphase magnetic iron nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of Syzygium aromaticum (CE-Fe NPs) with magnetic properties. The resultant material was characterised using various techniques. The compound crystallized into multiple phases of Iron oxide is evident from the XRD pattern. Iron oxide nanoparticles found to be of very small size from the electron microscopy images and the reduction can be attributed to the presence of polyphenols and organic acids from syzygium aromaticum extract. TGA analysis indicating good thermal stability and XPS analysis confirms the presence of mixed valance of Fe ions, i.e. both Fe3+and Fe2+. Temperature variation of DC and AC magnetic studies reveals that the material exhibit a superparamagnetic –like nature with frustration of surface spins and thereby leading into a cluster glass-like behavior. Further, the phyto organic moieties from syzygium aromaticum associated with the surface of multiphase Fe nanoparticles the surface chemistry tuned by subsequent functionalization combined with their magnetic properties have great potential in wide range of applications including localised hyperthermia treatments.

中文翻译：

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使用丁香木生物合成多相铁纳米粒子及其磁性

摘要 设计具有减少环境危害和具有特定功能特性（包括磁性）的纳米材料是可取的。然而，利用植物提取物合成纳米颗粒是有利的，因为它们是环保和可持续的。某些植物提取物中的多酚也可以形成铁络合物，从而将它们还原为金属纳米粒子并使其稳定。在此，我们报告了使用具有磁性的丁香（CE-Fe NPs）水提取物的多相磁性铁纳米颗粒的绿色合成和表征。使用各种技术表征所得材料。从 XRD 图中可以明显看出该化合物结晶成多相氧化铁。从电子显微镜图像中发现氧化铁纳米颗粒的尺寸非常小，其减少可归因于来自丁香提取物的多酚和有机酸的存在。TGA 分析表明良好的热稳定性和 XPS 分析证实了 Fe 离子的混合价态的存在，即 Fe3+ 和 Fe2+。直流和交流磁研究的温度变化表明，该材料表现出类似超顺磁性的性质，表面自旋受阻，从而导致类似玻璃簇的行为。更多，