Upstream agriculture and infrastructure development can greatly alter downstream hydrology, cutting off water sources and modifying connectivity that is critical for wetland survival. For tracts within the Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) located on the Texas Gulf Coast, our overall objective was to identify how much freshwater was needed to offset these processes. We sought to examine the historical trajectory of wetlands change, identify how to optimally route water through former agricultural canals, and make initial gross estimates of the volumetric water requirements. To prioritize specific restoration actions given the extremely flat topography of this sheet flow landscape, we used a combination of field survey by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), direct observation via airboats, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technologies, and remote assessment using aerial photography, LIDAR datasets, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). We found that the optimal solution would minimize construction work and the quantity of water needed for purchase, while maximizing the inundation across the landscape. The unique combination of spatial technologies applied in this study provides a template for future work in similar sheet flow-fed landscapes affected by hydrologic disconnection and relative sea level rise.

上游农业和基础设施的发展可以极大地改变下游水文学，切断水源并改变对湿地生存至关重要的连通性。对于位于德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸的Anahuac国家野生动物保护区（ANWR）内的区域，我们的总体目标是确定需要多少淡水来抵消这些过程。我们试图研究湿地变化的历史轨迹，确定如何最佳地通过前农业运河输送水，并初步估算总的需水量。为了在特定的恢复行动中获得优先权，考虑到该片状流动的地形极其平坦，我们结合了无人飞行器（UAV）的野外勘测，通过飞机的直接观测，全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）技术，和使用航空摄影，LIDAR数据集和地理信息系统（GIS）进行远程评估。我们发现最佳解决方案将最大程度地减少建筑工作和购买所需的水量，同时使整个景观中的洪水泛滥最大化。这项研究中应用的空间技术的独特组合为受水文断层和相对海平面上升影响的类似的单张纸馈送景观中的未来工作提供了模板。