Additive manufacturing encompasses a set of low-cost and highly versatile tools used to prototype and fabricate three-dimensional (3D) objects with ease. In most of the additive manufacturing techniques, materials are deposited layer by layer until a 3D object is reproduced. Several additive manufacturing techniques have been developed in the previous decade, and the application of additive manufacturing has increased in various industrial sectors. However, there are still drawbacks associated with additive manufacturing techniques, necessitating further study and development. In this study, we review the techniques and materials used in additive manufacturing. The vast majority of additive manufacturing processes are still based on open-loop control or implement some local controllers for specific variables (such as temperature), making them susceptible for errors. This study presents a review of the different additive manufacturing techniques, examples of academic and commercial efforts to improve the control systems for additive manufacturing, as well as the application of additive manufacturing in different fields such as aerospace, electronics, arts, and biomedical. The article ends highlighting the advantages of utilizing a closed-loop control system in additive manufacturing and discussing the work needed for further development.

增材制造包含一组低成本和高度通用的工具，这些工具可用于轻松地原型和制造三维（3D）对象。在大多数增材制造技术中，材料逐层沉积，直到复制3D对象为止。在过去的十年中已经开发了几种增材制造技术，并且增材制造的应用在各个工业领域中都有所增加。但是，增材制造技术仍存在缺陷，需要进一步的研究和开发。在这项研究中，我们回顾了增材制造中使用的技术和材料。绝大多数增材制造过程仍基于开环控制或为特定变量（例如温度）实施一些本地控制器，使他们容易出错。这项研究对不同的增材制造技术进行了综述，为改进增材制造的控制系统进行了学术和商业尝试，还介绍了增材制造在航空，电子，艺术和生物医学等不同领域的应用。本文结尾强调了在增材制造中使用闭环控制系统的优势，并讨论了进一步开发所需的工作。