This work carried out liquid–solid two-phase jet experiments and simulations to study the erosion behavior of 304 stainless steel at 30° impingement. The single-phase impinging jet was simulated using dense grid by one-way coupling of solid phase due to its dilute distribution. The simulation results agreed well with experiments. It was found that after impinging particle attrition occurred and particles became round with decreasing length-ratio and particle breakage occurred along the “long” direction. Both experiment and simulations found that the erosion generated on the sample could be divided into three regions that were nominated as stagnant region, cutting transition region and wall jet region. Most particle–wall impacts were found to occur in the cutting transition region and the wall jet region. In the cutting transition region, holes and lip-shaped hogbacks were generated in the same direction as the flow imping. In the wall jet region, furrows and grooves were generated. The averaged grooves depth tended to become constant with the progress of impinging and reach the steady state of erosion in the end. In addition, it was found that impinging effect increased erosion and anti-wear rate.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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固液射流冲击30°时304不锈钢的腐蚀行为研究

这项工作进行了液-固两相射流实验和模拟，以研究304不锈钢在30°撞击下的腐蚀行为。由于其稀疏分布，使用密相网格通过固相的单向耦合模拟了单相撞击射流。仿真结果与实验吻合良好。发现在撞击之后发生了颗粒磨损，并且随着长度比减小，颗粒变成圆形，并且沿着“长”方向发生了颗粒破裂。实验和模拟均发现，样品上产生的腐蚀可分为三个区域，分别称为停滞区域，切割过渡区域和壁射流区域。发现大多数粒子-壁撞击发生在切割过渡区域和壁射流区域。在切削过渡区域 沿与流动冲击相同的方向产生了孔和唇形的倒钩。在壁喷区域，产生了沟槽和凹槽。平均沟槽深度趋于随着撞击的进行而变得恒定，并最终达到侵蚀的稳定状态。另外，发现冲击效果增加了侵蚀和抗磨速率。

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