Abstract

Fleshy fruits are very varied, whether in terms of their composition, physiology, or rate and duration of growth. To understand the mechanisms that link metabolism to phenotypes, which would help the targeting of breeding strategies, we compared eight fleshy fruit species during development and ripening. Three herbaceous (eggplant, pepper, and cucumber), three tree (apple, peach, and clementine) and two vine (kiwifruit and grape) species were selected for their diversity. Fruit fresh weight and biomass composition, including the major soluble and insoluble components, were determined throughout fruit development and ripening. Best-fitting models of fruit weight were used to estimate relative growth rate (RGR), which was significantly correlated with several biomass components, especially protein content (R=84), stearate (R=0.72), palmitate (R=0.72), and lignocerate (R=0.68). The strong link between biomass composition and RGR was further evidenced by generalized linear models that predicted RGR with R-values exceeding 0.9. Comparison of the fruit also showed that climacteric fruit (apple, peach, kiwifruit) contained more non-cellulosic cell-wall glucose and fucose, and more starch, than non-climacteric fruit. The rate of starch net accumulation was also higher in climacteric fruit. These results suggest that the way biomass is constructed has a major influence on performance, especially growth rate.

中文翻译：

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生物量组成解释了水果的相对生长速率，并将更年期与非更年期的物种区分开来。

摘要

肉质水果无论在组成，生理或生长速度及持续时间方面都非常多样化。为了了解将代谢与表型联系起来的机制，这将有助于确定育种策略，我们在发育和成熟过程中比较了八种肉质水果。选择了三种草（茄子，胡椒和黄瓜），三种树（苹果，桃和柑桔）和两种藤本（猕猴桃和葡萄）来进行多样性研究。在整个果实发育和成熟过程中，确定了果实的鲜重和生物量组成，包括主要的可溶和不可溶成分。使用最适合的水果重量模型来估计相对生长率（RGR），该值与几种生物量成分特别是蛋白质含量显着相关（R＝ 84），硬脂酸酯（R＝ 0.72），棕榈酸酯（R＝ 0.72）和木质素（R＝ 0.68）。广义线性模型进一步证明了生物量组成与RGR之间的紧密联系，该线性模型预测R值超过0.9的RGR 。水果的比较还显示，比起更年期的水果，更年期的水果（苹果，桃子，奇异果）所含的非纤维素细胞壁葡萄糖和岩藻糖含量更高，淀粉含量更高。更年期果实的淀粉净积累率也较高。这些结果表明，构建生物质的方式对性能尤其是增长率具有重要影响。