BACKGROUND Differences in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and energetic metabolism between lean and obese population have been described. Legume consumption has been reported to modulate intestinal microbiota composition. However, to the best of our knowledge no information can be found in the literature on the effects of consumption of diets containing extruded legume plus cereal mixes on the intestinal microbiota composition of rats. Our purpose was to evaluate the effects on lipids profile (accompanying paper) and intestinal microbiota composition (current paper) of incorporating this new food ingredient in normocaloric and obesogenic diets. RESULTS Intestinal and fecal qPCR-based microbial composition of rats fed the extruded legumes plus cereal mixes differed (P < 0.05) from controls. Obesogenic diets did not affect bacterial counts. However, the inclusion of the extruded mixes reduced (P < 0.05) log10 counts in some bacterial groups and increased (P < 0.05) counts of Lactobacilli, while others remained unaffected. PCoA at the Genus level grouped together Lactobacillus reuteri, Akkermansia miciniphila and species from Parabacteroides, Prevotella, Rikenellaceae, and Lactobacillus with extruded legume plus cereal diets. Extruded legumes plus cereal mixes feeding was associated with increased mRNA expression of the cytokines IL6 and TNF-α and decreased expression of TLR4. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the inclusion in the diet of limited amounts (closer to practical human eating behaviour) of an extruded legumes plus cereal mix did modulate the intestinal microbiota composition. Taken together, these results point to protective, health promoting properties of extruded legume plus cereal mixes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

---

在大鼠的正常热量或致肥饮食中加入有限量的挤压豆类和谷物混合物：II . 对肠道微生物群组成的影响

背景 已经描述了瘦人和肥胖人群在肠道微生物群组成和能量代谢方面的差异。据报道，食用豆类可以调节肠道微生物群的组成。然而，据我们所知，文献中没有关于食用含有挤压豆类和谷物混合物的饮食对大鼠肠道微生物群组成影响的信息。我们的目的是评估在正常热量和致肥胖饮食中加入这种新食品成分对脂质特征（随附论文）和肠道微生物群组成（当前论文）的影响。结果 饲喂挤压豆类加谷物混合物的大鼠的肠道和粪便 qPCR 微生物组成与对照组不同（P < 0.05）。致肥胖饮食不影响细菌计数。然而，加入挤压混合物会减少 (P < 0.05) 某些细菌组的 log10 计数并增加 (P < 0.05) 乳酸杆菌的计数，而其他细菌则不受影响。属水平的 PCoA 将罗伊氏乳杆菌、Akkermansia miciniphila 和来自 Parabacteroides、Prevotella、Rikenellaceae 和 Lactobacillus 的物种与挤压豆类和谷物饮食组合在一起。挤压豆类加谷物混合物喂养与细胞因子 IL6 和 TNF-α 的 mRNA 表达增加和 TLR4 表达降低有关。结论 我们的结果表明，在饮食中加入少量（更接近于实际人类饮食行为）的豆类和谷物混合物确实调节了肠道微生物群的组成。综合起来，这些结果表明挤压豆类和谷物混合物具有保护性和促进健康的特性。本文受版权保护。版权所有。