Although Antarctica is protected and human activity is restricted exclusively to scientific research, with numerous restrictions on tourism, the steadily increasing human presence appears to be having a marked impact on terrestrial and aquatic, especially marine, ecosystems. Evidence of this excessive presence can be seen from the recent detection of contaminants linked to human activity in locations that should be considered to be untouched.

The aim of this study is to determine the environmental risk present on the Antarctic Peninsula due to the 54 emerging contaminants linked to human presence previously detected and reported in previous studies published in leading scientific journals. The substances analysed belong to the group of drugs/medicines of abuse, endocrine disruptors, pyrethroids, perfluorinated compounds and sunscreens. The environmental risk was determined for all substances detected by calculating the hazard quotient (HQ) following the guidelines established by the European Union. An HQ value higher than 10 was taken to represent a high environmental risk.

In the group of drugs/medicines of abuse, a high risk was detected for two analgesics, namely acetaminophen and diclofenac, and the anti-inflammatory ibuprofen. Although the risk detected was considered to be medium, the presence of the antibiotic clarithromycin, one of the substances included in the EU's current watch list for emerging contaminants, should be noted. In the group of endocrine disruptors, the high risk posed by the metabolite nonylphenol diethoxylate, which is higher than that for its parent compound nonylphenol, should be noted. In the group of pyrethroids/sunscreens/perfluorinated compounds, two pyrethroids, namely bifenthrin and cyhalothrin, were found to pose a high environmental risk.

We propose the need to establish a monitoring system for emerging contaminants linked to human presence on the Antarctic Peninsula similar to the watch list found in the EU Water Framework Directive. Subsequently, an environmental monitoring plan based on individual ecotoxicological studies with the substances concerned, and analysing their possible synergic effects, should be implemented.

尽管南极洲受到了保护，人类活动只限于科学研究，但对旅游业却有许多限制，但是人类的稳步增长似乎对陆地和水生生态系统，特别是海洋生态系统产生了显着影响。从最近在与人类活动有关的污染物的检测中可以看到这种过量存在的证据，这些污染物应该被认为是未经接触的。

这项研究的目的是确定由54种新兴污染物引起的南极半岛存在的环境风险，这些污染物与先前在领先科学期刊上发表的研究中发现和报告的人类存在有关。分析的物质属于滥用药物/药物，内分泌干扰物，拟除虫菊酯，全氟化合物和防晒霜。根据欧盟制定的准则，通过计算危险系数（HQ），确定所有检测到的物质的环境风险。HQ值高于10表示存在较高的环境风险。

在滥用药物/药物组中，发现两种镇痛药对乙酰氨基酚和双氯芬酸以及抗炎布洛芬的高风险。尽管发现的风险被认为是中等风险，但应注意存在抗生素克拉霉素，这是欧盟当前对新兴污染物的监视清单中包括的物质之一。在一组内分泌干扰物中，应注意由代谢物壬基酚二乙氧基化物引起的高风险，该风险高于其母体化合物壬基酚。在拟除虫菊酯/防晒霜/全氟化合物组中，发现两种拟除虫菊酯联苯菊酯和氟氰菊酯具有很高的环境风险。

我们建议有必要建立与南极半岛上与人类存在有关的新兴污染物的监测系统，类似于欧盟《水框架指令》中的观察名单。随后，应实施一项基于对有关物质进行单独的生态毒理学研究并分析其可能的协同作用的环境监测计划。