Social withdrawal is found across neuropsychiatric disorders and in numerous animal species under various conditions. It has substantial impact on the quality of life in patients suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders. Often it occurs prodromal to the disease, suggesting that it is either an early biomarker or central to its etiology. Healthy social functioning is supported by the social brain of which the building blocks go back millions of years, showing overlap between humans, rodents and insects. Thus, to elucidate social withdrawal, we have to approach its environmental triggers and its neural and molecular genetic determinants in an evolutionary context. Pathological social withdrawal may originate from a faulty regulation of specific neural circuits. As there is considerable heritability in social disorders, the genetic building blocks of the social decision making network might be our most relevant target to obtain an understanding of the transition of normal social interaction into social withdrawal.

在各种情况下，在神经精神疾病和许多动物物种中都发现了社交退缩。它对患有神经精神疾病的患者的生活质量具有重大影响。它通常是疾病的前驱发生，表明它是早期生物标志物，还是其病因学的中心。社会大脑支持健康的社会功能，其构建基块可以追溯到数百万年前，表明人类，啮齿动物和昆虫之间存在重叠。因此，为了阐明社会退缩，我们必须在进化的背景下研究其环境触发因素及其神经和分子遗传决定因素。病理性社交退缩可能源于特定神经回路的错误调节。由于社会疾病的遗传力相当大，