With the rapid development of oil and gas well production techniques, perforation technologies have made rapid progress, accompanied by perforation safety problems has become an important challenge in the field operation. The shock loads generated during perforating have a strong impact on downhole tools as well as perforation fluid, which poses a threat to the safety of downhole perforating string system, especially for the packer. Firstly, this paper explores the perforation fluid movement mechanism, the calculation model is proposed to describe the two periods of perforation fluid movement. Secondly, the process of perforation with many bullets has been simulated by using the software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The movement in two periods of perforation fluid can be calculated based on the simulation result, which the set distance of packer needs to be optimized. The propagation attenuation law of shock wave is studied, and a model based on simulation data is proposed to predict the peak pressure of perforation fluid under different perforation conditions. Thirdly, a prediction model for determining the safety distance of the packer has been created by considering the reflection and transmission of shock waves. Finally, the simulated result has been verified by the field case, optimization measures are put forward by combining the design of shock absorption with the safety distance of downhole packer. The results show that the research method in this paper is practical, reasonable and effective, which can provide a theoretical basis for field perforation operation and safety improvement.

随着油气井生产技术的飞速发展，射孔技术得到了飞速发展，伴随着射孔安全问题已成为油田作业中的重要挑战。射孔过程中产生的冲击载荷会对井下工具以及射孔液产生强烈影响，这对井下射孔管柱系统（特别是封隔器）的安全性构成了威胁。首先，探讨了射孔流体运动的机理，提出了计算模型来描述射孔流体运动的两个周期。其次，使用软件ANSYS / LS-DYNA模拟了许多子弹的射孔过程。可以根据模拟结果计算射孔液在两个周期内的运动，封隔器的设定距离需要优化。研究了冲击波的传播衰减规律，提出了基于模拟数据的模型，预测了不同射孔条件下射孔液的峰值压力。第三，通过考虑冲击波的反射和透射，建立了确定封隔器安全距离的预测模型。最后，通过现场实例验证了模拟结果，并结合减震设计与井下封隔器安全距离提出了优化措施。结果表明，本文的研究方法是实用，合理，有效的，可为现场射孔作业和安全改进提供理论依据。提出了一种基于模拟数据的模型，用于预测不同射孔条件下射孔液的峰值压力。第三，通过考虑冲击波的反射和透射，建立了确定封隔器安全距离的预测模型。最后，通过现场实例验证了模拟结果，并结合减震设计与井下封隔器安全距离提出了优化措施。结果表明，本文的研究方法是实用，合理，有效的，可为现场射孔作业和安全改进提供理论依据。提出了一种基于模拟数据的模型，以预测不同射孔条件下射孔液的峰值压力。第三，通过考虑冲击波的反射和透射，建立了确定封隔器安全距离的预测模型。最后，通过现场实例验证了模拟结果，结合减震设计与井下封隔器安全距离提出了优化措施。结果表明，本文的研究方法是实用，合理，有效的，可为现场射孔作业和安全改进提供理论依据。通过考虑冲击波的反射和透射，创建了用于确定封隔器安全距离的预测模型。最后，通过现场实例验证了模拟结果，并结合减震设计与井下封隔器安全距离提出了优化措施。结果表明，本文的研究方法是实用，合理，有效的，可为现场射孔作业和安全改进提供理论依据。通过考虑冲击波的反射和透射，创建了用于确定封隔器安全距离的预测模型。最后，通过现场实例验证了模拟结果，并结合减震设计与井下封隔器安全距离提出了优化措施。结果表明，本文的研究方法是实用，合理，有效的，可为现场射孔作业和安全改进提供理论依据。