Abstract When structures are subjected to blast, shock, and other impulsive events, the potential for progressive collapse of the structure due to the loss of load bearing members is a significant concern. An understanding of the behavior of bolted connections during and after impulsive events is necessary to predict and prevent collapse of the structure. Relatively little experimental research has been conducted to investigate the behavior of such components subjected to impulsive shear and no experimental studies have evaluated the residual shear capacity of bolts or bolted connections after an impulsive event, which represent the ability to continue carrying gravity design loads. To fill this gap in knowledge, an experimental method was developed to subject bolts and bolted connections to an impulsive shear event and then measure the residual static capacity of the bolt in situ after the event. In the developed methodology, impulsive loads were generated through the use of a high-speed hydraulic actuator to accelerate a flyer mass to a desired impact velocity towards an impulsive shear apparatus, which holds the bolt. A system was designed to be installed within the impulsive setup to apply a quasi-static load after the impulsive event. A small experimental series was conducted using a conservative, low-friction bolted interface to validate the experimental setup and provide initial insights into bolt behavior for modeling purposes. The series of structural bolt experiments under impulsive loads focused on exploring three aspects: 1) the rigidity of the bolts under impulsive loads as compared to static loading conditions; 2) the appropriateness of static and dynamic increase factors under impulsive shear loads for structural bolts; and 3) the characterization of bolt damage in terms of permanent shear deformation as the result of an impulsive loading.

中文翻译：

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螺栓连接冲击剪力和剩余承载力性能评价方法

摘要 当结构遭受爆炸、冲击和其他脉冲事件时，由于承载构件的损失而导致结构逐渐倒塌的可能性是一个重要的问题。了解脉冲事件期间和之后螺栓连接的行为对于预测和防止结构倒塌是必要的。相对较少的实验研究来研究此类组件在受到冲击剪切时的行为，也没有实验研究评估冲击事件后螺栓或螺栓连接的残余剪切能力，这代表了继续承受重力设计载荷的能力。为了填补这一知识空白，开发了一种实验方法，使螺栓和螺栓连接经受冲击剪切事件，然后在事件发生后原位测量螺栓的剩余静容量。在开发的方法中，通过使用高速液压致动器将飞片质量加速到所需的冲击速度，产生冲击载荷，冲击剪切装置固定螺栓。系统设计为安装在脉冲设置内，以在脉冲事件发生后施加准静态负载。使用保守的低摩擦螺栓接口进行了一个小型实验系列，以验证实验设置并为建模目的提供对螺栓行为的初步见解。冲击载荷作用下的系列结构螺栓实验重点探索了三个方面：1) 冲击载荷下螺栓的刚度与静载荷条件相比；2) 结构螺栓在冲击剪切载荷作用下静动力增加系数的适宜性；3) 螺栓损伤的永久剪切变形表征，这是脉冲载荷的结果。