Abstract Community-based interventions are an important strategy to reduce bushmeat hunting, one of the key threats to African wildlife. However, understanding the possible effects of such programs prior to implementation is vital, in order to ensure that scarce funds are correctly directed. Here we used scenario-based interviews to explore the potential effects of seven programs on proxies for bushmeat hunting and consumption, including the provision of alternative protein sources, the provision of alternative incomes, and the harvesting of natural resources from protected areas. We conducted 250 interviews with respondents living around four protected areas in Malawi, and investigated how time budgets, household and village meat availability, and perceptions of fairness would change under each program. Respondents were most likely to substitute their current activities (including illegal hunting) under alternative income projects such as microenterprise and skills-training programs. All programs except increased enforcement were likely to increase the availability of meat in both households and villages. However, the effect of the scenarios on meat availability was perceived to be greater at village level than household level. Projects that provided long-term benefits such as a microenterprise program or skills training, were preferred over, and seen to be fairer than, programs relating to resource use, such as regulated hunting or park-based resource harvesting schemes. These results illustrate that programs that can harness development goals, while linking back to conservation rules, may successfully reduce bushmeat hunting and consumption around protected areas.

中文翻译：

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使用情景来了解基于社区的非洲大草原狩猎和食用丛林肉的干预措施

摘要 基于社区的干预措施是减少丛林肉狩猎的重要策略，这是对非洲野生动物的主要威胁之一。但是，在实施之前了解此类计划的可能影响至关重要，以确保正确使用稀缺资金。在这里，我们使用基于场景的访谈来探讨七个项目对丛林肉狩猎和消费的潜在影响，包括提供替代蛋白质来源、提供替代收入以及从保护区收获自然资源。我们对居住在马拉维四个保护区附近的受访者进行了 250 次访谈，并调查了每个计划下的时间预算、家庭和村庄肉类供应以及对公平的看法将如何变化。受访者最有可能将他们目前的活动（包括非法狩猎）替换为替代收入项目，例如微型企业和技能培训计划。除了加强执法外，所有计划都可能增加家庭和村庄的肉类供应。然而，人们认为这些情景对肉类供应的影响在村庄层面大于家庭层面。提供长期利益的项目（例如微型企业计划或技能培训）比与资源使用相关的计划（例如受监管的狩猎或基于公园的资源采集计划）更受青睐，并且被认为更公平。这些结果表明，可以利用发展目标的计划，同时与保护规则联系起来，