Abstract

The default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attention network (DAN) demonstrate an intrinsic “anticorrelation” in healthy adults, which is thought to represent the functional segregation between internally and externally directed thought. Reduced segregation of these networks has been proposed as a mechanism for cognitive deficits that occurs in many psychiatric disorders, but this association has rarely been tested in pre-adolescent children. The current analysis used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study to examine the relationship between the strength of DMN/DAN anticorrelation and psychiatric symptoms in the largest sample to date of 9- to 10-year-old children (N = 6543). The relationship of DMN/DAN anticorrelation to a battery of neuropsychological tests was also assessed. DMN/DAN anticorrelation was robustly linked to attention problems, as well as age, sex, and socioeconomic factors. Other psychiatric correlates identified in prior reports were not robustly linked to DMN/DAN anticorrelation after controlling for demographic covariates. Among neuropsychological measures, the clearest correlates of DMN/DAN anticorrelation were the Card Sort task of executive function and cognitive flexibility and the NIH Toolbox Total Cognitive Score, although these did not survive correction for socioeconomic factors. These findings indicate a complicated relationship between DMN/DAN anticorrelation and demographics, neuropsychological function, and psychiatric problems.

中文翻译：

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儿童默认模式网络和背侧注意网络反相关的精神病学和神经心理学相关性的调查。

摘要

默认模式网络 (DMN) 和背侧注意网络 (DAN) 在健康成人中表现出内在的“反相关性”，这被认为代表了内部和外部定向思维之间的功能隔离。这些网络的减少隔离已被提议作为许多精神疾病中发生的认知缺陷的一种机制，但这种关联很少在青春期前的儿童中进行过测试。目前的分析使用了青少年大脑认知发展研究的数据，以检查迄今为止最大的 9 至 10 岁儿童样本中 DMN/DAN 抗相关强度与精神症状之间的关系（N = 6543）。还评估了 DMN/DAN 抗相关性与一系列神经心理学测试的关系。DMN/DAN 反相关与注意力问题以及年龄、性别和社会经济因素密切相关。在控制人口统计协变量后，先前报告中确定的其他精神相关性与 DMN/DAN 反相关性没有强关联。在神经心理学测量中，DMN/DAN 反相关性最明显的相关性是执行功能和认知灵活性的卡片分类任务以及 NIH 工具箱总认知评分，尽管这些没有在社会经济因素的校正后幸存下来。这些发现表明 DMN/DAN 反相关性与人口统计学、神经心理功能和精神问题之间存在复杂的关系。