Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) allow the determination of the 3D position of a point on the Earth’s surface by measuring the distance from the receiver antenna to the orbital position of at least four satellites. Selecting and buying a GNSS receiver, depending on farm needs, is the first step for implementing precision agriculture. The aim of this work is to compare the positioning accuracy of four GNSS receivers, different for technical features and working modes: L1/L2 frequency survey-grade Real-Time Kinematic (RTK)-capable Stonex S7-G (S7); L1 frequency RTK-capable Stonex S5 (S5); L1 frequency Thales MobileMapper Pro (TMMP); low-cost L1 frequency Quanum GPS Logger V2 (QLV2). In order to evaluate the positioning accuracy of these receivers, i.e., the distance of the determined points from a reference trajectory, different tests, distinguished by the use or not of Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) differential correction data and/or an external antenna, were carried out. The results show that all satellite receivers tested carried out with the external antenna had an improvement in positioning accuracy. The Thales MobileMapper Pro satellite receiver showed the worst positioning accuracy. The low-cost Quanum GPS Logger V2 receiver surprisingly showed an average positioning error of only 0.550 m. The positioning accuracy of the above-mentioned receiver was slightly worse than that obtained using Stonex S7-G without the external antenna and differential correction (maximum positioning error 0.749 m). However, this accuracy was even better than that recorded using Stonex S5 without differential correction, both with and without the external antenna (average positioning error of 0.962 m and 1.368 m).

中文翻译：

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用于农机制图和制导的GNSS接收器定位精度比较

全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）通过测量从接收机天线到至少四颗卫星的轨道位置的距离，可以确定地球表面上某个点的3D位置。根据农场需求选择和购买GNSS接收器是实施精确农业的第一步。这项工作的目的是比较四个GNSS接收器的定位精度，这四个接收器的技术特性和工作模式各不相同：支持L1 / L2频率测量级实时运动（RTK）的Stonex S7-G（S7）；支持L1频率的RTK的Stonex S5（S5）；L1频率Thales MobileMapper Pro（TMMP）；低成本L1频率Quanum GPS Logger V2（QLV2）。为了评估这些接收器的定位精度，即确定的点与参考轨迹的距离，需要进行不同的测试，通过使用或不使用实时运动（RTK）差分校正数据和/或外部天线进行区分。结果表明，使用外部天线测试的所有卫星接收器的定位精度都有提高。Thales MobileMapper Pro卫星接收器显示出最差的定位精度。低成本的Quanum GPS Logger V2接收器令人惊讶地显示出平均定位误差仅为0.550 m。上述接收器的定位精度比使用没有外部天线和差分校正功能的Stonex S7-G获得的定位精度稍差（最大定位误差为0.749 m）。但是，无论有无外部天线，该精度甚至都比不使用差动校正的Stonex S5记录的精度要好（平均定位误差为0。