This paper presents the global three‐dimensional morphology and seasonal variation of the scintillation index at E‐layer altitudes varying from 70 to 140 km. An attempt is conducted to analyze the scintillation distribution in different latitude bins and to explore solar and geomagnetic activity‐dependent characteristic of E‐layer scintillations. The scintillation index is derived from the signal‐to‐noise ratio intensity fluctuations of L1 channels in GPS radio occultation (RO) using the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) during 2007–2014. The results show that the summer scintillation index has the greatest values, followed by the winter, autumn, and spring months. The summer scintillation is in close connection with the solar radiation intensity and sunshine duration, but it exhibits seasonal asymmetry whereby the summer scintillation in the northern hemisphere is more intense than in the southern hemisphere. Meanwhile, the scintillation in the autumn hemisphere is slightly more intense than in the spring hemisphere in approximately midlatitude regions during most daytimes. The conspicuous scintillation activity in the middle and low latitudes starts post‐sunrise and often persists until post‐midnight. Some observed results show that the greatest scintillation occurrence rate of the latitude profile occurs at approximately sunset and at an altitude range of 100–120 km in the middle‐low latitudes. Additionally, the enhanced solar activity possibly can result in the slight decrease of scintillation occurrence, and geomagnetic activity has slight effect on E‐layer scintillation in most cases.

中文翻译：

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2007-2014年全球电离层电子闪烁的统计分析

本文介绍了在E层高度从70到140 km不等的情况下，闪烁指数的全球三维形态和季节性变化。试图分析不同纬度区中的闪烁分布，并探索依赖于太阳和地磁活动的E层闪烁特征。闪烁指数是根据2007-2014年期间使用气象，电离层和气候星座观测系统（COSMIC）的GPS无线电掩星（RO）中L1通道的信噪比强度波动得出的。结果表明，夏季闪烁指数值最大，其次是冬季，秋季和春季。夏天的闪烁与太阳辐射强度和日照时间密切相关，但是它表现出季节性不对称性，因此北半球的夏季闪烁比南半球的夏季闪烁更为强烈。同时，在大多数白天，在中纬度地区，秋季半球的闪烁比春季半球的闪烁稍强。中低纬度的明显闪烁活动始于日出后，并且经常持续到午夜后。一些观察到的结果表明，纬度剖面的最大闪烁发生率发生在大约日落时分和中低纬度的100-120 km高度范围内。另外，增强的太阳活动可能会导致闪烁发生的轻微减少，并且在大多数情况下，地磁活动对E层闪烁的影响很小。