Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose on avocado fruit in Mexico: current status,Plant Pathology

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Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose on avocado fruit in Mexico: current status
Plant Pathology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 , DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13234
Dionicio Fuentes‐Aragón ₁ , Hilda V. Silva‐Rojas ₂ , Vladimiro Guarnaccia ₃ , José A. Mora‐Aguilera ₁ , Sergio Aranda‐Ocampo ₁ , Néstor Bautista‐Martínez ₁ , Daniel Téliz‐Ortíz ₁

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Colletotrichum species cause anthracnose disease in tropical and subtropical fruit crops worldwide. Mexico is the main producer and exporter of avocado (Persea americana) globally and has yearly outbreaks of anthracnose on this crop. However, which specific Colletotrichum spp. cause these outbreaks in avocado‐producing regions remain uncertain; thus, the objective of the present study was to identify the species responsible. A survey performed in six production regions of Mexico yielded 232 isolates, from which a subset of 104 strains was selected based on morphological characteristics and origin. This subset was sequenced and haplotypes were analysed in the gapdh partial gene. Finally, 31 strains were identified through multilocus phylogenetic analyses using the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and six loci. This study revealed the presence of two species previously reported in Mexico (C. karsti and C. godetiae), three novel records in Mexico (C. siamense, C. fioriniae, and C. cigarro), four novel records on avocado (C. chrysophilum, C. jiangxiense, C. tropicale, and C. nymphaeae), and two novel lineages (Colletotrichum sp. 1 and Colletotrichum sp. 2). C. siamense was the most prevalent, while the species reported for the first time on avocado, including the novel lineages, were the least prevalent. C. karsti was the most widespread (four regions), followed by C. siamense, C. jiangxiense, and C. chrysophilum (three regions). Pathogenicity tests showed that all species caused anthracnose on avocado fruit. These findings will be useful for improving the management of avocado anthracnose outbreaks in Mexico.

中文翻译：

墨西哥鳄梨果实炭疽病炭疽菌：现状

炭疽菌在全球热带和亚热带水果作物中引起炭疽病。墨西哥是全球鳄梨（Persea americana）的主要生产国和出口国，该作物每年都会爆发炭疽病。但是，哪个特定的炭疽菌属。导致鳄梨产区的这些爆发仍不确定；因此，本研究的目的是确定负责的物种。在墨西哥的六个生产地区进行的一项调查产生了 232 个分离株，根据形态特征和来源从中选择了 104 个菌株的子集。对该子集进行测序，并在 gapdh 部分基因中分析单倍型。最后，使用内部转录间隔区和六个基因座的序列，通过多位点系统发育分析鉴定了 31 个菌株。这项研究揭示了先前在墨西哥报道的两个物种（C. karsti 和 C.godetiae）、墨西哥的三个新记录（C. siamense、C. fioriniae 和 C. cigarro）、四个关于鳄梨的新记录（C. chrysophilum、C. jiangxiense、C.trope 和 C. nymphaeae），以及两个新谱系（Colletotrichum sp. 1 和 Colletotrichum sp. 2）。C. siamense 是最普遍的，而首次在鳄梨上报道的物种，包括新的谱系，是最不普遍的。C. karsti 分布最广（四个区域），其次是 C. siamense、C. jiangxiense 和 C. chrysophilum（三个区域）。致病性测试表明，所有物种都会在鳄梨果实上引起炭疽病。这些发现将有助于改善墨西哥鳄梨炭疽病爆发的管理。

更新日期：2020-07-09

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