Gene expression is tightly controlled by transcription factors and RNA regulatory elements, including trans‐acting small RNAs, cis‐regulatory riboswitches and ribosome‐dependent ribo‐regulators. In the present study, we demonstrated that a ribosome‐dependent ribo‐regulator and two mistranslation products co‐regulate rppA (encoding a ribosomal protection protein) expression in Bacillus thuringiensis BMB171. The leader RNA of the rppA gene controls rppA expression via translation of leader ORF1 resident in its sequence. In the presence of chloramphenicol, a +1 frameshift product (ORF2) and a stop codon readthrough product (ORF3) of ORF1 emerged. ORF3 exerted a negative effect on rppA expression. By contrast, the ORF2 promoted rppA expression. The regulation mode identified in the present study will lead to a deeper understanding of bacterial gene expression.

中文翻译：

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核糖体保护蛋白RppA的表达受核糖体依赖性核糖调节剂和两种错译产物的调节

基因表达受到转录因子和RNA调控元件（包括反式小RNA，顺式调控核糖开关和依赖核糖体的核糖调控器）的严格控制。在本研究中，我们证明了依赖核糖体的核糖调节剂和两种错译产物共同调节苏云金芽孢杆菌BMB171中的rppA（编码核糖体保护蛋白）表达。rppA基因的前导RNA通过驻留在其序列中的前导ORF1的翻译来控制rppA的表达。在氯霉素的存在下，出现了ORF1的+1移码产物（ORF2）和终止密码子通读产物（ORF3）。ORF3对rppA表达。相反，ORF2促进了rppA表达。在本研究中确定的调控模式将导致对细菌基因表达的更深入的了解。