The speed and maneuverability of organisms are central to their fitness, determining the strength and outcome of many species interactions that drive population and community level processes. While locomotion is influenced by many internal and external factors, body size and temperature are two key factors governing organismal locomotion. Biologists have been measuring locomotor performance, particularly maximum speed, for over a century. Studies have tended to focus on single species or groups of species that are either phylogenetically related, functionally similar, or use the same habitat. Few studies compare locomotor performance across a diverse range of taxa, locomotor modes, and very few have incorporated locomotor traits other than maximum speed, and the data is not accessible in a single database with standardized units. Here, we present a data set we compiled from the literature that contains 2,951 measurements of locomotor performance for five traits (exploratory speed, maximum speed, maximum acceleration, minimum powered turn radius, and maximum angular speed) that are important in the daily lives of many organisms. This represents the most diverse and comprehensive database on animal locomotor yet published and includes 884 species spanning 23 orders of magnitude of body size. Together with body size (mass and length) and temperature (body and ambient) we also provide data on trophic group and habitat (aerial, terrestrial, aquatic). In publishing our data set we hope to encourage others to contribute to a continued effort to build this locomotion database and to analyze these data for underlying patterns. Interspecific analyses can help elucidate how organismal locomotion varies with important morphological and physiological traits and environmental conditions, revealing generalities and deviations in organismal locomotion. Additionally, intraspecific analyses, which are possible for a number of species in our data set, can help corroborate these patterns and deviations and explore potential mechanisms that could underlie these patterns. Insights from these analyses should uncover drivers of locomotor performance and contribute to an understanding about how locomotion shapes ecological processes across scales. There are no copyright or proprietary restrictions, except this data paper should be cited when data are used for publication. In addition, we would appreciate hearing for which research projects or teaching exercises these data are used.

中文翻译：

---

机体运动的体型和温度依赖性

生物体的速度和机动性对其适应性至关重要，决定了许多物种相互作用的强度和结果，这些相互作用推动了种群和群落水平过程。虽然运动受到许多内部和外部因素的影响，但体型和温度是控制机体运动的两个关键因素。一个多世纪以来，生物学家一直在测量运动性能，尤其是最大速度。研究往往侧重于系统发育相关、功能相似或使用相同栖息地的单个物种或物种组。很少有研究比较不同分类群、运动模式的运动性能，而且很少有研究将运动特征纳入最大速度之外，并且无法在具有标准化单位的单个数据库中访问数据。这里，我们提供了一个我们从文献中汇编的数据集，其中包含 2,951 项对许多生物体日常生活很重要的五个特征（探索速度、最大速度、最大加速度、最小动力转弯半径和最大角速度）的运动性能测量值. 这是迄今为止发表的最多样化和最全面的动物运动数据库，包括 884 个物种，跨越 23 个数量级的体型。除了身体大小（质量和长度）和温度（身体和环境），我们还提供有关营养组和栖息地（空中、陆地、水生）的数据。在发布我们的数据集时，我们希望鼓励其他人继续努力构建这个运动数据库，并分析这些数据的潜在模式。种间分析可以帮助阐明机体运动如何随重要的形态和生理特征以及环境条件而变化，揭示机体运动的一般性和偏差。此外，我们数据集中的许多物种都可以进行种内分析，可以帮助证实这些模式和偏差，并探索可能构成这些模式的潜在机制。这些分析的见解应该揭示运动性能的驱动因素，并有助于了解运动如何在不同尺度上塑造生态过程。没有版权或专有限制，除非在使用数据发表时应引用此数据文件。此外，我们希望听到这些数据用于哪些研究项目或教学练习。