The Type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a protein translocation nanomachine widespread among Gram‐negative bacteria and used as a means to deliver effectors directly into target bacterial or eukaryotic cells. These effectors have a wide variety of functions within target cells that ultimately help the secreting cell gain a competitive fitness advantage. Here, we discuss the different ways in which these effectors can be delivered by the T6SS and the diverse mechanisms by which they exert their noxious action upon recipient cells. We also highlight the existence of roles for T6SS effectors beyond simply the killing of neighbouring cells.

中文翻译：

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VI 型分泌系统效应蛋白：细菌竞争的有效武器。

VI 型分泌系统 (T6SS) 是一种广泛存在于革兰氏阴性细菌中的蛋白质易位纳米机器，用作将效应物直接递送到目标细菌或真核细胞的手段。这些效应器在靶细胞内具有多种功能，最终帮助分泌细胞获得竞争优势。在这里，我们讨论了 T6SS 传递这些效应子的不同方式，以及它们对受体细胞施加有害作用的不同机制。我们还强调了 T6SS 效应器的作用不仅仅是杀死邻近细胞。