Abstract The present study was designed to describe the Doppler measurements of hepatic venous blood flow in camels (Camelus dromedarius). A total number of 9 adult healthy camels underwent hepatic Doppler examinations on the right side between the 11th and 9th intercostal spaces. The splenic and cranial mesenteric veins showed turbulent blood flows at their fusion to form the main portal trunk. At porta hepatis, the main portal vein exhibited turbulent blood flows and the mean velocities ranged from 21 to 28 cm/sec. In contrast, the intrahepatic branches of portal veins revealed smooth laminar spectral patterns with low blood velocities ranged from 12 to 22 cm/sec. In addition, hepatic veins and caudal vena cava have laminar blood flows. In conclusion, as a non-invasive clinical tool, Doppler ultrasonography is a simple and easy applicable method for assessment of hepatic hemodynamics in camels (Camelus dromedaries). The present findings have the potential to serve as references for evaluating the health status of the liver from camels. Therefore; a further research study, including comparative evaluation of Doppler findings in camels with various hepatic diseases, may be required.

中文翻译：

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成年健康骆驼 (Camelus dromedarius) 肝静脉血流动力学的多普勒特征

摘要 本研究旨在描述骆驼 (Camelus dromedarius) 肝静脉血流的多普勒测量。共有 9 头成年健康骆驼在右侧第 11 和第 9 肋间隙之间进行了肝脏多普勒检查。脾静脉和颅肠系膜静脉在它们融合形成门脉主干时显示出湍流血流。在肝门处，主要门静脉呈现湍流血流，平均流速范围为 21 至 28 厘米/秒。相比之下，门静脉的肝内分支显示出平滑的层流光谱模式，低血流速度范围为 12 至 22 厘米/秒。此外，肝静脉和尾腔静脉有层流血流。总之，作为一种非侵入性的临床工具，多普勒超声检查是评估骆驼（Camelus dromedaries）肝脏血流动力学的一种简单易用的方法。目前的研究结果有可能作为评估骆驼肝脏健康状况的参考。所以; 可能需要进一步的研究，包括对患有各种肝脏疾病的骆驼的多普勒结果进行比较评估。