Abstract The last years, FSO technologies raised interest from both scientific and commercial point of view. However, due to the optical beam propagation through the atmosphere, the signal is impaired by several phenomena like the scintillation effect, mainly because of atmospheric turbulence and imperfect misalignment between optical beam and destination terminal. In order to mitigate their negative influence, various countermeasures have been proposed. A well-known technique to preserve their performance over long distances is the employment of decode-and-forward (DF) relay nodes. Nevertheless, when the signal propagates over composite channels, characterized by atmospheric turbulence along with pointing errors effects, the employment of several DF relays increases significantly the complexity of the mathematical models used for performance evaluation. Motivated by this, we are trying to reduce the complexity of these expressions in the current work by replacing the multi-hop relay configuration via an equivalent dual-hop scheme. For first time, to the best of our knowledge, we are trying to emulate such an FSO system taking into account the simultaneous influence of both, atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors effects, in order to derive closed form mathematical expressions, which can be used in practice for the design of very fast optical wireless communication systems which can be used in the 5G/5G+ networks, mainly as backhaul communication links and support reliable their operation.

中文翻译：

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指向错误对双跳方案仿真的多跳地面 FSO 链路性能的影响

摘要 近年来，FSO 技术从科学和商业角度都引起了人们的兴趣。然而，由于光束在大气中传播，信号会受到闪烁效应等多种现象的影响，这主要是因为大气湍流和光束与目的地终端之间的不完美未对准。为了减轻它们的负面影响，已经提出了各种对策。一种众所周知的保持其长距离性能的技术是使用解码转发 (DF) 中继节点。然而，当信号通过复合信道传播时，其特征是大气湍流和指向误差效应，使用多个 DF 继电器显着增加了用于性能评估的数学模型的复杂性。受此启发，我们试图通过等效的双跳方案替换多跳中继配置来降低当前工作中这些表达式的复杂性。据我们所知，我们第一次尝试模拟这样一个 FSO 系统，同时考虑大气湍流和指向误差效应的同时影响，以推导出封闭形式的数学表达式，可用于用于设计可用于 5G/5G+ 网络的超高速光无线通信系统的实践，主要用作回程通信链路并支持其可靠运行。我们正在尝试通过等效的双跳方案替换多跳中继配置来降低当前工作中这些表达式的复杂性。据我们所知，我们第一次尝试模拟这样一个 FSO 系统，同时考虑大气湍流和指向误差效应的同时影响，以推导出封闭形式的数学表达式，可用于用于设计可用于 5G/5G+ 网络的超高速光无线通信系统的实践，主要用作回程通信链路并支持其可靠运行。我们正在尝试通过等效的双跳方案替换多跳中继配置来降低当前工作中这些表达式的复杂性。据我们所知，我们第一次尝试模拟这样一个 FSO 系统，同时考虑大气湍流和指向误差效应的同时影响，以推导出封闭形式的数学表达式，可用于用于设计可用于 5G/5G+ 网络的超高速光无线通信系统的实践，主要用作回程通信链路并支持其可靠运行。