Eggs, schistosomula and adult Schistosoma worms are known to release extracellular vesicles (EV) during in vitro incubations and these EVs are postulated to affect the host responses. So far only those EVs released during in vitro incubations of schistosomes have been studied and it is unknown whether in blood of infected hosts the schistosomal EVs can be detected amidst all the circulating EVs of the host itself. In this study we analyzed the protein as well as the phospholipid composition of EVs circulating in blood plasma of S. mansoni infected hamsters and compared those with the EVs circulating in blood of non-infected hamsters. Although neither proteins nor lipids specific for schistosomes could be detected in the circulating EVs of the infected hamsters, the infection with schistosomes had a marked effect on the circulating EVs of the host, as the protein as well as the lipid composition of EVs circulating in infected hamsters were different from the EVs of uninfected hamsters. The observed changes in the EV lipid and protein content suggest that more EVs are released by the diseased liver, the affected erythrocytes and activated immune cells.

已知卵，血吸虫和成年血吸虫蠕虫在体外温育过程中会释放细胞外囊泡（EV），并且推测这些EV会影响宿主反应。迄今为止，仅研究了血吸虫体外培养过程中释放的那些电动汽车，尚不清楚在感染宿主的血液中是否可以在宿主自身所有循环的电动汽车中检测到血吸虫电动汽车。在这项研究中，我们分析了曼氏葡萄球菌血浆中循环的电动汽车的蛋白质和磷脂成分感染仓鼠，并将其与未感染仓鼠血液中循环的电动汽车进行比较。尽管在感染的仓鼠的循环电动汽车中均未检出对血吸虫特异的蛋白质或脂质，但血吸虫感染对宿主的循环电动汽车具有显着影响，因为在受感染的仓鼠中循环的电动汽车的蛋白质和脂质组成仓鼠不同于未感染的仓鼠。观察到的EV脂质和蛋白质含量的变化表明，患病的肝脏，受影响的红细胞和活化的免疫细胞释放出更多的EV。